Telecommunications distribution elements

ABSTRACT

A hinge structure ( 2202 ) for pivotally mounting a first telecommunications element ( 2256 ) to a second telecommunications element ( 2224/2210 ) includes a hinge pin ( 2203 ) provided on the first element ( 2256 ) and a hinge pin receiver ( 2204 ) provided on the second element ( 2224/2210 ). The hinge pin ( 2203 ) defines a notch ( 2206 ) separating the pin ( 2203 ) into two pin halves ( 2205 ). The hinge pin receiver ( 2204 ) defines two sets of opposing surfaces ( 2214 ), the two sets ( 2214 ) separated by a divider ( 2212 ), the divider ( 2212 ) configured to be accommodated by the notch ( 2206 ) when the hinge pin ( 2203 ) is inserted into the hinge pin receiver ( 2204 ), wherein each opposing surface set ( 2214 ) defines a slot ( 2213 ) for receiving each pin half ( 2205 ).

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/062,060, filed on Jun. 13, 2018, which is a National StageApplication of PCT/EP2016/081564, filed on Dec. 16, 2016, which claimsthe benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 62/268,292, filed onDec. 16, 2015, and claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser.No. 62/343,473, filed on May 31, 2016, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entireties. To the extentappropriate, a claim of priority is made to each of the above disclosedapplications.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to telecommunications distributionsystems, e.g., optical fiber distribution systems, which may include arack and elements which populate the rack, wherein such fiber opticelements can include fiber terminations, patching, fiber splitters, andfiber splices. More specifically, the present invention relates to amounting system for fixedly stacking two or more such telecommunicationsdistribution elements along a vertical column or stack.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Optical fiber distribution systems may include fiber terminations andother equipment which is typically rack mounted. Various concerns existfor the optical fiber distribution systems, including density, ease ofuse and mounting, and cable management. There is a continuing need forimprovements in the telecommunications distribution area, especiallyoptical fiber distribution area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One implementation of a system in accordance with the examples of thedisclosure includes a building block element mountable to a rack orother structure. The element includes a chassis, and a movable tray. Thetray is movably mounted to chassis with a slide mechanism that allowsthe tray to slide relative to the chassis, wherein the tray may houseequipment for fiber terminations, patching, splitting, and splicing.

The elements can be stacked in a column with each tray slidable in ahorizontal direction. In the case of a column of elements, a selectedtray is pulled outward to access the desired tray.

In an example embodiment of a fiber optic distribution element, one sideof each element can be for patch cables, and the opposite side can befor cable termination of an incoming cable, such as a distribution cableor a feeder cable. The elements can be configured as desired and formbuilding blocks for an optical fiber distribution system (ODF). When theelements are mounted in a column in a rack, the cables can be placed invertical cable guides to enter and exit the selected element. An examplerack may be front accessible. However, the elements shown and describedcan be used in other racks, frames, cabinets or boxes including inarrangements where rear access is desirable or useful.

According to an aspect of the disclosure, the disclosure is directed toa mounting system for fixedly stacking two or more suchtelecommunications elements along a vertical column or stack, whereinthe stacked elements can then be mounted on further fixtures such asracks, frames, cabinets or boxes.

According to another aspect, the present disclosure relates to amounting system for locking two pieces of telecommunications equipmentso as to prevent relative sliding between the two pieces oftelecommunications equipment and relative separation between the twopieces of telecommunications equipment that is in a direction generallyperpendicular to the direction of the relative sliding. The mountingsystem includes a first locking feature in the form of a stud defining astem portion and a flange portion having a larger profile than the stemportion, a second locking feature in the form of a slot defining areceiver portion and a retention portion, wherein the receiver portionis sized to accommodate the flange portion of the stud and the retentionportion is sized to accommodate the stem portion but not the flangeportion of the stud, and a third locking feature configured to preventrelative sliding between the two pieces of telecommunications equipmentonce the stem portion of the stud has been slid through the retentionportion of the slot and the flange portion is out of alignment with thereceiver portion of the slot. According to one example embodiment, thethird locking feature may be provided in the form of a removable,snap-fit structure. According to another example embodiment, the thirdlocking feature may be provided in the form of a cantilever arm that isan integral part of the telecommunications equipment, the cantilever armhaving a portion that abuts the stud for preventing sliding movement ofthe stud.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to atelecommunications distribution element that includes a mounting systemthat allows the distribution element to be fixedly stacked along avertical column or stack with another similarly configured element.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to an opticalfiber distribution element comprising a top surface, a bottom surface,an interior region defined between the top surface and the bottomsurface, the interior region including fiber optic connection locations,a first locking feature in the form of a stud extending from the topsurface, the stud defining a stem portion and a flange portion having alarger profile than the stem portion, and a second locking feature inthe form of a slot at the bottom surface, the slot defining a receiverportion and a retention portion, wherein the receiver portion is sizedto accommodate the flange portion of the stud and the retention portionis sized to accommodate the stem portion but not the flange portion ofthe stud.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, the disclosure isdirected to a method of stacking two or more distribution elements alonga vertical column.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to a method oflocking two pieces of telecommunications equipment so as to preventrelative sliding between the two pieces of telecommunications equipmentand relative separation between the two pieces of telecommunicationsequipment that is in a direction generally perpendicular to thedirection of the relative sliding. The method includes aligning a flangeportion of a stud of a first piece of telecommunications equipment witha receiver portion of a slot of a second piece of telecommunicationsequipment, passing the flange portion of the stud through the receiverportion of the slot, sliding a stem portion of the stud through aretention portion of the slot to bring the flange portion out ofalignment with the receiver portion of the slot, and providing a lockthat prevents relative sliding between the first and second pieces oftelecommunications equipment so as to prevent sliding of the stemportion of the stud through the retention portion of the slot.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to a mountingmechanism for mounting a telecommunications chassis to atelecommunications fixture, the mounting mechanism comprising a mountingbracket defining a rear portion configured for mounting to thetelecommunications fixture and a front portion configured to slidablyreceive the telecommunications chassis, the front portion including alatch opening; a locking spring configured to be mounted to thetelecommunications chassis, the locking spring defining a portionconfigured to flex laterally to snap in to the latch opening; a releasehandle configured to be slidably mounted to the telecommunicationschassis, the release handle defining a deflection tab for moving thelocking spring out of the latch opening of the mounting bracket when therelease handle is slid along a rearward to forward direction withrespect to the telecommunications chassis; a cover configured to bemounted to the telecommunications chassis, the cover defining adeflection ramp configured to interact with the deflection tab of therelease handle for moving the deflection tab laterally to contact thelocking spring when the release handle is slid with respect to thetelecommunications chassis; and an anti-theft structure configured to beprovided on the telecommunications chassis after slidable mounting ofthe mounting mechanism on the telecommunications chassis, wherein theanti-theft structure is configured to limit sliding of the releasehandle along the rearward to forward direction.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to a method oflimiting removal of a telecommunications chassis from atelecommunications fixture after the telecommunications chassis has beenmounted to the telecommunications fixture via a mounting mechanism thatcomprises a mounting bracket defining a rear portion configured formounting to the telecommunications fixture and a front portionconfigured to slidably receive the telecommunications chassis, the frontportion including a latch opening, a locking spring configured to bemounted to the telecommunications chassis, the locking spring defining aportion configured to flex laterally to snap in to the latch opening, arelease handle configured to be slidably mounted to thetelecommunications chassis, the release handle defining a deflection tabfor moving the locking spring out of the latch opening of the mountingbracket when the release handle is slid along a rearward to forwarddirection with respect to the telecommunications chassis, and a coverconfigured to be mounted to the telecommunications chassis, the coverdefining a deflection ramp configured to interact with the deflectiontab of the release handle for moving the deflection tab laterally tocontact the locking spring when the release handle is slid with respectto the telecommunications chassis, the method comprising providing ananti-theft structure on the telecommunications chassis that isconfigured to prevent sliding of the release handle along the rearwardto forward direction.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to an opticalfiber distribution element comprising a chassis defining an interior; amovable tray slidably movable from within the chassis to a position atleast partially outside the chassis; a slide mechanism which connectsthe movable tray to the chassis; wherein the slide mechanism includes aradius limiter which moves with synchronized movement relative to thechassis and the tray during slidable movement of the tray; wherein eachtray includes at least one hingedly mounted frame member which hingesabout an axis perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movabletray; wherein each frame member defines an array of adapters defining aline which is generally parallel to the direction of travel of themovable tray; wherein a cable entering and exiting the movable trayfollows an S-shaped pathway; and a latch for latching the movable trayto the chassis in a closed position.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to an opticalfiber distribution element comprising a chassis defining an interior; amovable tray slidably movable from within the chassis to a position atleast partially outside the chassis; a slide mechanism which connectsthe movable tray to the chassis; wherein the slide mechanism includes aradius limiter which moves with synchronized movement relative to thechassis and the tray during slidable movement of the tray; wherein eachtray includes at least one hingedly mounted frame member which hingesabout an axis perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movabletray; wherein each frame member defines an array of adapters defining aline which is generally parallel to the direction of travel of themovable tray; wherein a cable entering and exiting the movable trayfollows an S-shaped pathway; and a fixed cable manager mounted to thechassis configured to guide cables to and from other optical fiberdistribution elements with bend-radius protection.

According to yet another aspect, the disclosure is directed to anoptical fiber distribution element comprising a chassis defining aninterior; a movable tray slidably movable from within the chassis to aposition at least partially outside the chassis; a slide mechanism whichconnects the movable tray to the chassis; wherein the slide mechanismincludes a radius limiter which moves with synchronized movementrelative to the chassis and the tray during slidable movement of thetray; wherein each tray includes at least one hingedly mounted framemember which hinges about an axis perpendicular to the direction ofmovement of the movable tray; wherein each frame member defines an arrayof adapters defining a line which is generally parallel to the directionof travel of the movable tray; wherein a cable entering and exiting themovable tray follows an S-shaped pathway; and a fiber optic splittermounted to an exterior of the chassis, wherein the inputs and/or theoutputs of the fiber optic splitter are generally aligned with anentrance of the radius limiter.

According to yet another aspect, the disclosure is directed to a hingestructure for pivotally mounting a first telecommunications element to asecond telecommunications element, the hinge structure comprising ahinge pin provided on the first element, a hinge pin receiver providedon the second element, wherein the hinge pin defines a notch separatingthe pin into two pin halves, wherein the hinge pin receiver defines twosets of opposing surfaces, the two sets separated by a divider, thedivider configured to be accommodated by the notch when the hinge pin isinserted into the hinge pin receiver, wherein each opposing surface setdefines a slot for receiving each pin half.

According to another aspect, the disclosure is directed to an opticalfiber distribution element comprising a chassis defining an interior, amovable tray portion slidably movable from within the chassis to aposition at least partially outside the chassis, a slide mechanism whichconnects the movable tray portion to the chassis, the slide mechanismincluding a radius limiter portion which moves with synchronizedmovement relative to the chassis and the tray portion during slidablemovement of the tray portion, wherein a cable entering and/or exitingthe movable tray portion follows an S-shaped pathway. A pivotablesnap-fit cover provided on the tray portion is movable between an openposition and a closed position for closing at least a portion of theS-shaped pathway to retain the cable therein. The element furthercomprises a mechanism for preventing slidable closure of the trayportion with respect to the chassis when the pivotable snap-fit cover isin the open position, wherein the mechanism is configured to allowslidable closure of the tray portion with respect to the chassis viaabutment of the cover with the radius limiter portion to disengage theradius limiter portion from the tray portion to allow movement of thetray portion with respect to the chassis.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of an optical fiber distribution element inaccordance with the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the element of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the element of FIG. 1 showing a traypulled forward from the chassis;

FIG. 4 shows one of the tray frame members pivoted upwardly from thetray;

FIG. 5 shows a second frame member pivoted upwardly relative to thetray;

FIG. 6 shows a portion of a cable management area of the element of FIG.1;

FIG. 7 shows a similar view to FIG. 6, with one of the frame memberspivoted upwardly;

FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of an element with differentcable management at the entry points;

FIG. 9 shows three of the elements of FIG. 8 mounted in a blockformation, with cable radius limiters at the entry point mounted in analternative position;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the block of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a view of the block of FIG. 9, with the tray of the middleelement pulled forward for access to the fiber terminations;

FIG. 12 shows an enlarged portion of an entry point for one of theelements with a cable radius limiter in a first position;

FIG. 13 shows a similar view as in FIG. 12, with the cable radiuslimiter positioned in an alternate position;

FIG. 14 shows an exploded view of a cable mount;

FIG. 15 shows an element with a cable mount on one side, and a cableradius limiter on an opposite side;

FIG. 16 shows an alternative cable mount;

FIGS. 17-29 show various views of the elements shown in FIGS. 1-16including additional details and cable routings shown for illustrationpurposes;

FIG. 30 shows an alternative embodiment of a block of two alternativeelements;

FIG. 31 shows a tray pulled forward from the chassis of one of theelements of the block of FIG. 30;

FIG. 32 shows the tray extended forward as in the view of FIG. 31, withone of the frame members pivoted upwardly;

FIG. 33 is a view similar to the view of FIG. 32, with a second framemember pivoted upwardly;

FIG. 34 shows a block including two elements;

FIG. 35 shows an exploded view of the two elements of the block of FIG.34;

FIG. 36 shows a single element;

FIG. 37 shows an exploded view of the element of FIG. 36;

FIG. 38 shows the element of FIG. 37, without the top cover;

FIG. 39 is a top view of the element of FIG. 38;

FIG. 40 is an alternative view of the element of FIG. 38, showingalternative devices at the cable entry points;

FIG. 41 is a top view of the element of FIG. 40;

FIG. 42 shows an alternative embodiment of an element in a top view withan alternative synchronized movement feature;

FIG. 43 is a perspective view of the element of FIG. 42;

FIGS. 44 and 45 show movement of the various components of thesynchronized movement feature of FIGS. 42 and 43;

FIGS. 46 and 47 show an element with an alternative radius limiter atthe cable entry and exit locations;

FIG. 48 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of a universalmounting mechanism configured for mounting an optical fiber distributionelement similar to those shown in FIGS. 30-47 of the present disclosureto a telecommunications rack, the mounting mechanism shown in a lockedposition;

FIG. 49 illustrates the universal mounting mechanism of FIG. 48 in anunlocked position;

FIG. 50 illustrates a partially exploded perspective view of a portionof the universal mounting mechanism of FIGS. 48-49 being used on anoptical fiber distribution element similar to the elements shown inFIGS. 30-47;

FIG. 51 illustrates the universal mounting mechanism of FIG. 50 with theuniversal mounting brackets of the mechanism mounted to the element ofFIG. 50;

FIG. 51A is a close-up view of a portion of the universal mountingmechanism of FIG. 51, illustrating the locking spring in a lockedposition with respect to the universal mounting bracket;

FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the universal mountingmechanism of FIG. 48 showing the positional relationship between theuniversal mounting bracket and the release handle of the mountingmechanism when the mounting mechanism is in a locked state;

FIG. 52A illustrates the universal mounting mechanism of FIG. 52 withvarious anti-removal/anti-theft features represented diagrammatically;

FIG. 53 shows a pair of elements in a stacked configuration, theelements shown with another alternative radius limiter on the slidemechanism;

FIG. 54 is a top view of one of the elements of FIG. 50 illustrating thealternative radius limiter;

FIGS. 55-59 illustrate the steps for stacking two telecommunicationsdistribution elements in a vertical stack or column using the mountingsystem of the present disclosure;

FIG. 60 is a bottom perspective view of one of the telecommunicationsdistribution elements of FIGS. 55-59, illustrating the slots of themounting system;

FIG. 61 is a bottom plan view of the telecommunications distributionelement of FIG. 60;

FIGS. 62-63 illustrate the steps for stacking two telecommunicationsdistribution elements in a vertical stack or column using anotherembodiment of a mounting system according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 64 is a cross-section taken along line 64-64 of FIG. 63;

FIG. 65 illustrates a portion of the cross-section of FIG. 64 from adirect side-view;

FIG. 66 illustrates the element of FIGS. 62-65 with the tray at anextended position, the element including pivotable covers over theU-shaped radius limiter and the S-shaped cable pathway within theelement, the covers shown in an open configuration;

FIG. 67 illustrates the element of FIG. 66 with the covers in apivotally closed position;

FIGS. 68-79 illustrate various embodiments of hingedly-mountable framemembers that may be used within the trays of the element of FIGS. 62-67;

FIG. 80 illustrates another element having features similar to theelement of FIGS. 62-67; the element of FIG. 80 defining at least oneopening at a front face thereof for allowing a user to see the type offrame member that is being housed within the element;

FIGS. 81-82 illustrate the element of FIG. 80 with a piece oftelecommunications equipment in the form of a fiber optic splittermounted to an exterior of the tray of the element;

FIG. 83 illustrates another version of a latch for latching the tray ofan element to the cover of the element in a closed position, the latchshown as being used on the element of FIGS. 80-82;

FIG. 83A is a close-up view of a portion of the latch of FIG. 83;

FIGS. 84-85 illustrate a vertical cable mount that is configured for usewith the element of FIGS. 80-82;

FIG. 86A illustrates an exploded view of a horizontal cable fixationdevice that may be mounted to the sidewalls of the element of FIGS.80-82;

FIG. 86B illustrates the cable fixation device of FIG. 86A in anassembled configuration;

FIG. 86C illustrates the cable fixation device of FIG. 86A mounted tothe element of FIGS. 80-82;

FIG. 87A illustrates an exploded view of another horizontal cablefixation device similar to that shown in FIG. 86A that may be mounted tothe sidewalls of the element of FIGS. 80-82;

FIG. 87B illustrates the cable fixation device of FIG. 87A in anassembled configuration;

FIG. 87C illustrates the cable fixation device of FIG. 86A mounted tothe element of FIGS. 80-82;

FIGS. 88A-88C illustrate the horizontal cable fixation device of FIGS.87A-87C used with a cable wrap similar to the cable wrap shown in FIG.16;

FIG. 89 illustrates another version of a latch for keeping the tray ofan element in the closed position, the latch shown as being used on anelement similar to that of FIGS. 80-82, the tray shown in a closedposition;

FIG. 90 illustrates the tray of FIG. 89 being moved from the closedposition to an open position;

FIG. 91 illustrates a close-up view of the tray of FIG. 89 showing theadditional openings on the tray used for securing the tray in a closedposition;

FIG. 92 illustrates a stack of elements similar to those shown in FIGS.80-82 and 89-91, wherein the U-shaped radius limiters of the elementsinclude openings allowing a user to see portions of a universal mountingmechanism such as that of FIGS. 48-52 if the elements are equipped withsuch a mounting mechanism;

FIG. 93 illustrates a close-up view of the front face of a U-shapedradius limiter showing the opening;

FIG. 94 illustrates another embodiment of a cable manager that is usedwith a stack of elements similar to those shown in FIGS. 80-82 and89-91, the stack of elements illustrated in FIG. 94 are shown with apair of the cable managers;

FIG. 95 is a top, front, right side perspective view of one of the cablemanagers of FIG. 94 shown in isolation;

FIG. 96 is a bottom, front, right side perspective view of the cablemanager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 97 is a top, rear, right side perspective view of the cable managerof FIG. 95;

FIG. 98 is a bottom, rear, right side perspective view of the cablemanager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 99 is a right side view of the cable manager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 100 is a top view of the cable manager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 101 is a bottom view of the cable manager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 102 is a rear view of the cable manager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 103 is a front view of the cable manager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 104 is a bottom, rear, left side perspective view of the cablemanager of FIG. 95;

FIG. 105 illustrates a front perspective view of an example embodimentof an optical fiber distribution element similar to those shown in FIGS.80-82 and 89-94 that utilizes a connection system for hingedlyconnecting frame members similar to those shown in FIGS. 68-79 to thetray of the distribution element, the hinge structure forming the systemincluding features that are examples of inventive aspects in accordancewith the present disclosure;

FIG. 106 illustrates a rear perspective view of the element of FIG. 105;

FIG. 107 illustrates a close-up rear perspective view of the hingestructure for the upper frame member of FIGS. 105-106 in an unattachedconfiguration;

FIG. 108 illustrates the upper frame member of FIG. 107 in an attachedconfiguration;

FIG. 109 illustrates a close-up rear perspective view of the hingestructure for the lower frame member of FIGS. 105-106 in an unattachedconfiguration;

FIG. 110 is another close-up rear perspective view of the hingestructure of FIG. 109;

FIG. 111 illustrates the lower frame member of FIGS. 109-110 in anattached configuration;

FIG. 112 is a cross-sectional view taken along a section transverse tothe hinge pins illustrating the pin halves within the pin pockets of thehinge pin receivers, the upper frame member shown in an open position;

FIG. 113 illustrates the upper frame member of FIG. 112 in a closedposition;

FIG. 114 is another close-up front perspective view of the hingestructures for the upper and lower frame members of FIGS. 105-106, thelower frame member shown in a closed position and the upper frame membershown in an open position;

FIG. 115 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the position of theretention element of the hinge structure when a frame member is beingmoved from the closed position toward the open position;

FIG. 116 illustrates the position of the retention element of FIG. 115just prior to locking the frame member in an open position;

FIG. 117 illustrates the position of the retention element of FIGS.115-116 when the frame member is in a fully open position;

FIG. 118 illustrates a front perspective view of another embodiment ofan optical fiber distribution element similar to those shown in FIGS.80-82, 89-94, and 105-117 that includes features that are examples ofinventive aspects in accordance with the present disclosure, the tray ofthe element shown in a fully open position;

FIG. 119 is a close-up view of the slide mechanism including theU-shaped radius limiter of the element of FIG. 118, the second pivotablesnap-fit cover of the element shown in a closed position;

FIG. 120 illustrates the optical fiber distribution element of FIG. 118with the second pivotable snap-fit cover thereof in an open position;

FIG. 121 is a close-up view of the second pivotable snap-fit cover ofthe element of FIG. 120;

FIG. 122 illustrates in isolation the part of the optical fiberdistribution element of FIGS. 118-121 that includes the U-shaped radiuslimiter;

FIG. 123 illustrates a close-up view of the cantilever arm and theramped latch finger of the part of the optical fiber distributionelement that includes the U-shaped radius limiter of FIG. 122;

FIG. 124 illustrates a top view of a portion of the optical fiberdistribution element of FIGS. 118-123 when the second pivotable snap-fitcover thereof is in an open position; and

FIG. 125 illustrates a top view of the portion of the optical fiberdistribution element of FIG. 124 when the second pivotable snap-fitcover thereof is in a closed position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to FIGS. 1-16, various embodiments of an optical fiberdistribution element 10, or element 10, are shown. The elements 10 canbe individually mounted as desired to telecommunications equipmentincluding racks, frames, or cabinets. The elements 10 can be mounted ingroups or blocks 12 which forms a stacked arrangement. In oneembodiment, a vertical stack of elements 10 populates an optical fiberdistribution rack.

Each element 10 holds fiber terminations, or other fiber componentsincluding fiber splitters and/or fiber splices. In the case of fiberterminations, incoming cables are connected to outgoing cables throughconnectorized cable ends which are connected by adapters, as will bedescribed below.

Each element includes a chassis 20 and a movable tray 24. Tray 24 ismovable with a slide mechanism 30 including one or more gears 32 and aset of two toothed racks or linear members 34.

Slide mechanism 30 provides for synchronized movement for managing thecables extending to and from tray 24. Entry points 36 on either side ofchassis 20 allow for fixation of the input and output cables associatedwith each element 10. The radius limiters 38 associated with each slidemechanism 30 move in synchronized movement relative to chassis 20 andtray 24 to maintain fiber slack, without causing fibers to be bent,pinched, or pulled.

Each tray 24 includes mounting structure 50 defining one or more offiber terminations, fiber splitters, fiber splices, or other fibercomponents. As shown, mounting structure 50 holds adapters 52 whichallow for interconnection of two connectorized ends of cables. Each tray24 includes one or more frame members 56. In the example shown, twoframe members 56 are provided. As illustrated, each frame member 56 isT-shaped. Also, each tray 24 includes two frame members 56 which arehingedly mounted at hinges 58. A top frame member 62 is positioned abovea bottom frame member 64. The mounting structure 50 associated with eachframe member 62, 64 includes one or more integrally formed adapterblocks 70. Adapter blocks 70 include a plurality of adapter ports forinterconnecting to fiber optic connectors. A pathway 76 defines agenerally S-shape from radius limiters 38 to adapter blocks 70. Asshown, pathway 76 includes an upper level 78 and a lower level 80 in theinterior. A portion 84 of pathway 76 is positioned adjacent to hinges 58to avoid potentially damaging cable pull during pivoting movement offrame members 56. Flanges 86 and radius limiters 90 help maintain cablesin pathways 76.

Tray 24 includes openings 96 to allow for technician access to the cableterminations at adapter blocks 70. In addition, the T-shapes of framemembers 56 further facilitate technician access to the connectors.

Cables extending to and from element 10 can be affixed with a cablemount 100 as desired. Additional protection of the fiber breakouts canbe handled with cable wraps 102. Radius limiters 106 can be additionallyused to support and protect the cables.

The wrap 102 shown in FIG. 16 is mounted horizontally to the tray 24wherein both the front and rear ends of the wrap are mounted tohorizontal mounts at similar horizontal planes. However, in otherembodiments, where the wrap needs to be mounted to mounts that are atdifferent planes or at planes that are perpendicular to each other, thewrap may be flexible enough to be able to be twisted around itslongitudinal axis. As such, the front and the rear ends of the wrap maybe mounted to mounts that are at perpendicular planes to each other andstill not violate minimum bending requirements for the cables as thetrays are moved back and forth with respect to the elements. Such wrapsmay be used on all of the embodiments of the elements discussed herein.

Referring now to FIGS. 17-29, various examples of cable routings areillustrated for element 10.

If desired, more than one feeder cable can supply cabling to more thanone element 10.

Referring now to FIGS. 30-41, various additional embodiments of elements210 are shown. Element 210 includes a chassis 220 in a movable tray 224mounted with a slide mechanism 230 which promotes synchronized movementof radius limiters 238. Each tray 224 includes two hingedly mountedframe members 256. Each frame member 256 has a middle portion 260separated by openings 262 from side portions 264. Middle portion 260 canhold fiber terminations. Side portions 264 include radius limiters 270.Cover 266 goes over tray 224. Latches 268 latch tray 224 to cover 266 inthe closed position.

A pathway 276 extends from either side from tray 224 to supply cables toeach of trays 224. An upper level 278 and a lower level 280 supply therespective frame members 256 with cabling. A general S-shaped pathway276 is defined wherein the pathway 276 passes close to hinges 258.

A dovetail 288 is used to hold cable mounts 286 and radius limiters 284.

An opening 290 in tray 224 allows for connector access by thetechnician. Similarly, openings 262 on each frame member 256 allow fortechnician access to the individual connectors.

To form a block 292 of plural elements 210, bars 294 and fasteners 296are used. Bars 294 give a small spacing between each element 210.

Referring now to FIGS. 42-45, an alternative slide mechanism 330 isshown in alternative element 310. Slide mechanism 330 allows formovement of the trays and related radius limiters and synchronizedmovement similar to slide mechanism 30, 230. Alternative slide mechanism330 includes two wheels 332 and two wires 334, 336. The wheels 332 arelocated on second part 342. The wires are looped in opposite directionsand are connected to the first part 340 and the third part 344.

Referring now to FIGS. 46 and 47, an alternative radius limiter 420 isshown on alternative element 410. Radius limiter 420 includes frictionmembers 430 which limit the amount of sliding movement of cables passingthrough radius limiter 420, to assist with cable management. Frictionmembers 430 include flexible fingers which press lightly on the cablesin radius limiter 420 to reduce or eliminate sliding movement of thecables in the radius limiter 420.

Referring now to FIGS. 48-52, a universal mounting mechanism 500 forreleasably mounting a telecommunications chassis to a telecommunicationsfixture, such as an optical fiber distribution rack, is illustrated. InFIGS. 48-52, the universal mounting mechanism 500 is shown as havingbeen adapted for and being used on an optical fiber distribution element510 having features similar to those elements 210, 410 shown in FIGS.30-47 of the present disclosure. With the universal mounting mechanism500 of FIGS. 48-52, telecommunications chassis or elements such aselements 210, 410, and 510 can be mounted as desired totelecommunications fixtures or equipment such as racks, frames, orcabinets.

It should be noted that although the universal mounting mechanism 500 ofthe present disclosure has been shown as being used on a piece oftelecommunications equipment such as the optical fiber distributionelement 510 (which has similar features to those elements 210 and 410 ofFIGS. 30-47), the optical fiber distribution element 510 is simply oneexample of telecommunications equipment or chassis on which the mountingmechanism 500 may be used for mounting to equipment such astelecommunications racks, frames, or cabinets. For use with theuniversal mounting mechanism 500 of FIGS. 48-52, the element 510 hasbeen adapted to receive certain portions of the mounting mechanism 500.However, it should be understood that the mounting mechanism 500 of thepresent disclosure includes features having inventive aspects inisolation and can be used on other types of optical fiber distributionelements as long as the elements or chassis thereof are adapted toreceive portions of the mounting mechanism 500.

Still referring to FIGS. 48-52, the universal mounting mechanism 500will now be described in further detail.

FIG. 48 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the universalmounting mechanism 500, wherein the mounting mechanism 500 is in alocked state or position. FIG. 49 illustrates the universal mountingmechanism 500 in an unlocked position. FIG. 50 illustrates a partiallyexploded perspective view of a portion of the universal mountingmechanism 500 being used with the optical fiber distribution element510, which is similar to the elements 210, 410 shown in FIGS. 30-47, asnoted above. FIG. 51 illustrates the universal mounting mechanism 500with the universal mounting brackets 502 of the mechanism 500 mounted tothe element 510. FIG. 51A is a close-up view of a portion of theuniversal mounting mechanism 500, illustrating a locking spring 504 ofthe mechanism 500 in a locked position with respect to the universalmounting bracket 502 of the mechanism 500. FIG. 52 is a cross-sectionalview of a portion of the universal mounting mechanism 500 showing thepositional relationship between the universal mounting bracket 502 and arelease handle 506 of the mounting mechanism 500 when the mechanism 500is in a locked state.

The universal mounting mechanism 500 generally includes the right andleft universal mounting brackets 502, release handles 506 for each ofthe mounting brackets 502, a cover 508 for each of the mounting brackets502, and the locking spring 504 for each of the mounting brackets 502.

In the depicted embodiment, each of the universal mounting brackets 502is designed for mounting two stacked elements 510. Thus, each of theright and left mounting brackets 502 includes two latch openings 512adjacent the front 514 of the mounting bracket 502 (one for each element510) and upper and lower mounting tabs 516 at the rear 518 of thebracket 502.

In the given embodiment, the mounting tabs 516 at the rear 518 of themounting brackets 502 are designed to slidably mount the brackets 502 tofixtures such as telecommunications racks along a sideway or lateraldirection. As such, in mounting elements 510 to a rack, the universalmounting brackets 502 are initially slid into openings provided on therack using the mounting tabs 516. Once the brackets 502 are secured on arack, the elements 510 can be slid onto the brackets 502 in a slidingfashion, as will be described in further detail. The latch openings 512of the brackets 502 are, then, used to lock the elements 510 in place.

In using the universal mounting mechanism 500 of the present disclosure,each element 510, on each of the right and left sides thereof, defines abracket channel 520. The channel 520 is configured to slidably receivethe front portions 514 of the mounting brackets 502. The cover 508closes the bracket channel 520 to the exterior of each element 510. Thecover 508 defines a deflection ramp 522 at the inner face thereof, thepurpose of which will be discussed in further detail below. The lockingspring 504 is mounted to each element 510 such that an end portion 524of the locking spring 504 can flex in and out of the latch opening 512of the universal mounting bracket 502. As shown in the cross-sectionalviews of FIGS. 48 and 49 and in FIGS. 51 and 51A, the end portion 524 ofthe locking spring 504 defines a perpendicular locking face 526 and anangular insertion face 528. When an element 510 is initially beingslidably mounted on the mounting bracket 502, the angled insertion face528 rides over the front end 530 of the front portion 514 of themounting bracket 502 until the end portion 524 of the locking spring 504flexibly snaps into the latch opening 512.

The element 510, at this point, is prevented from being pulled outforwardly. The locking spring 504 abuts an inner front face 532 definedby the latch opening 512 of the mounting bracket 502 to prevent removalof the chassis from a rack.

The release handle 506 is positioned between the locking spring 504 andthe cover 508. The release handle 506 has a grip portion 534 for pullingthe release handle 506 forwardly to release the chassis for removal fromthe mounting brackets 502. The release handle 506 also defines adeflection tab 536 at the rear end 538. The deflection tab 536 isconfigured to ride over the deflection ramp 522 of the cover 508 whenthe grip portion 534 is pulled forwardly. The interaction of thedeflection tab 536 and the deflection ramp 522 causes lateral inwardmovement of the deflection tab 536, which in turn, pushes the spring 504laterally inwardly, clearing the end portion 524 of the locking spring504 from the latch opening 512. In this manner, when the release handle506 is pulled forwardly, the interaction of the deflection tab 536 andthe deflection ramp 522 causes the release of the spring 504, and thusthe entire element 510, from the mounting bracket 502. The chassis andthe entire element 510 can be pulled forwardly from the mounting bracket502.

In using the universal mounting mechanism 500 on the element 510, a trayof the element 510 has to be pulled from its chassis to allow enoughroom for gripping the release handle 506 as seen in FIG. 52, to pull itforwardly. In initially mounting the element 510 to a rack using theuniversal mounting mechanism 500, the release handle 506 has to beeither pushed rearwardly by the user to allow the spring 504 to bepositioned in its locking position or the user can simply push a tray ofthe element 510 rearwardly to contact the grip portion 534 of therelease handle 506 to push the release handle 506 rearwardly. Thus, whenthe element 510 is mounted to a rack using the universal mountingmechanism 500, the release handle 506 must be in its rearward positionto allow the spring 504 to be in its locking position. Otherwise, if therelease handle 506 is in its forward position, the element 510 cansimply slide out of the brackets 502.

The release handle 506 defines a positive stop 540 that is configured toabut a stop face 542 defined by a portion of a slide mechanism 544within the element 510. The abutment of the stop 540 with the stop face542 prevents further forward pulling of the release handle 506.

The universal mounting mechanism 500 includes a design that may beretrofitted on a number of telecommunications chassis. As long as abracket channel 520 is provided in the chassis and the chassis includesenough spacing on the sides thereof for receiving a locking spring 504,a release handle 506, and a cover 508 for interacting with the releasehandle 506 and closing the mounting mechanism 500 to the exterior of thechassis, the universal mounting mechanism 500 can be utilized on anygiven chassis.

Also, as noted above, the rear portion 518 of the mounting brackets 502may be modified to fit different types of mounting configurations ondifferent types of telecommunications racks, frames, or cabinets. Themounting arrangement of the brackets 502 of the present disclosure thatutilizes the tabs 516 for lateral slide-locking is simply one example ofa mounting arrangement. Also, even though the mounting mechanism 500 ofthe present disclosure has been shown with mounting brackets 502 thatcan accommodate two vertically stacked elements 510, the mountingbrackets 502 can be modified to receive other number of chassis,including a single chassis per bracket 502.

In the given embodiment, the locking spring 504 is fixed to the chassiswith fasteners 545, allowing the end portion 524 of the locking spring504 to be flexible. Other fixing methods may be used for the lockingspring 504 in other types of telecommunications equipment.

Since the universal mounting mechanism 500 is designed to allow anelement such as element 510 to be installed and uninstalled on atelecommunications rack without the use of tools, it may be advantageousor important to provide means to disable unlocking or releasing of theuniversal mounting mechanism 500 after installation to avoid accidentalremoval or theft.

Referring now to FIG. 52A, according to the inventive aspects of thepresent disclosure, a number of methods will be discussed for disablingthe release of the universal mounting mechanism 500 to avoid accidentalremoval or theft.

According to the examples illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 52A, onemethod may involve the use of a release handle 506 that is designed witha frangible or breakable portion 535 such that the release handle 506can be made inoperable after final installation. As shown, the gripportion 534 of the release handle may be configured as forming afrangible or breakable part 535 so as to be removed from the rest of therelease handle after final installation of the element 510 on a rack. Inother embodiments, the release handle 506 may not necessarily include adesignated breakable portion but may be configured or molded such thatthe grip portion 534 is simply broken off after installation.

Still referring to FIG. 52A, another method may involve the use of ablocking structure 550 that extends all the way from the cover 508through the latch opening 512 and block the mounting bracket 502 fromsliding with respect to the element 510. The blocking structure 550 maybe a pin type structure or a fastener such as a screw.

It should be noted that the blocking structure 550 may be used to notonly prevent relative sliding between the mounting bracket 502 and theelement 510 but to also visually block from view the presence of thelocking spring 524 from an exterior of the element 510. In this manner,only an installer will know that the mounting bracket 502 may normallybe removed from the element 510 by flexing inwardly the spring 524 andclearing the locking face 526 from the latch opening 512. Afterinstallation is complete, the installer can install such a blockingstructure 550 to not only prevent relative sliding movement between themounting bracket 502 and the element 510 but to hide from view thepresence of the spring 524 (which would otherwise allow removal of theelement 510 from the mounting bracket 502 by inward flexing).

Another method that is contemplated by the present disclosure is the useof a fastener 552 such as a screw that does not necessarily act as ablocking structure by extending through the latch opening 512 to preventrelative sliding between the mounting bracket 502 and the element 510but secures the locking spring 524 to the cover 508 to prevent inwardflexing of the spring 524. Such a spring fastener 552 can be insertedthrough an opening molded on the cover 508 and thread through an openingprovided on the locking spring 524. A similar concept that is alsocontemplated by the present disclosure involves the use of a fastener554 to simply secure the otherwise slidable release handle 506 to afixed portion of the element 510 such as the cover 508 afterinstallation. Such a handle fastener 554 can extend through openingsformed or molded in the cover 508 and the release handle 506 after finalinstallation to prevent relative sliding.

It should be noted that a blocking structure 550 (physical/visual) or afastener 552 (between cover 508 and spring 524) or 554 (between cover508 and release handle 506) may be used in combination with a breakablerelease handle 506 (or a release handle 506 that has a frangible portion535) to provide dual anti-theft protection.

Referring now to FIGS. 53 and 54, an alternative radius limiter 638 isshown on the slide mechanisms of alternative elements 610. Elements 610are generally similar in construction and function to those of theelements discussed previously. Radius limiter 638 defines a generallyU-shaped configuration that leads cables from and to the element 610while preserving minimum bend radius requirements.

The U-shaped radius limiter 638 defines an inner end 621 and an outerend 623 and a divider 625 extending from adjacent the inner end 621 toadjacent the outer end 623. The outer end 623 of the radius limiter 638cooperates with a cable guide 684 that is mounted to the chassis 620 ofthe element 610 for leading cables to and from the tray 624 of theelement 610.

The divider 625 of the radius limiter 638 forms two separate troughs627, 629 for the radius limiter 638. The two troughs 627, 629 isolateand separate the cables (e.g., coming in and going out) of the element610 into two distinct paths. According to one example cable routingconfiguration, the two troughs 627, 629 may guide the cables to theupper and lower levels 678, 680 defined toward the rear of the tray 624while maintaining the S-shaped pathway 676 created within the element610. The divider 625 of the radius limiter 638 includes a plurality ofcable management tabs 631 mounted thereon for retaining the cableswithin the troughs 627, 629. A similar tab 633 is also found at the rearof the tray 624 for retaining the cables that are being lead to theupper and lower levels 678, 680. The tabs 631 and 633 may be removable,snap-on structures.

The tabs 631 and 633 cooperate with additional cable management fingers635 defined both on the radius limiter 638 and toward the rear of thetray 624 in retaining the cables within the S-shaped pathway 676.

Referring now to FIGS. 55-61, a mounting system 700 for fixedly stackingtwo or more telecommunications elements in a vertical column or stack isillustrated. In FIGS. 55-61, the mounting system 700 of the presentdisclosure is illustrated as being used to stack elements havingfeatures similar to those elements 610 shown in FIGS. 53-54.

It should be noted that although the mounting system 700 of the presentdisclosure has been shown as being used on a piece of telecommunicationsequipment such as the optical fiber distribution element 610 (which hassimilar features to those elements 10, 210, 410, and 510 of FIGS. 1-52),the optical fiber distribution element 610 is simply one example oftelecommunications equipment on which the mounting system 700 may beused for fixedly stacking such elements for further mounting toequipment such as telecommunications racks, frames, or cabinets. As willbe discussed in further detail below, the element 610 has beenconfigured specifically to incorporate certain aspects of the mountingsystem 700. However, it should be understood that the mounting system700 of the present disclosure includes features having inventive aspectsin isolation and can be used on other types of optical fiberdistribution elements as long as the elements or chassis thereof areadapted to incorporate aspects of the mounting system 700. According tocertain embodiments of the disclosure, the mounting system 700 of thepresent disclosure may be used as a retro-fit solution on pre-existingtelecommunications equipment by modifying certain aspects of thepreexisting equipment to incorporate features of the system 700, as willbe apparent from the following description.

Still referring to FIGS. 55-61, the mounting system 700 will now bedescribed in further detail. FIGS. 55-59 illustrate the steps forstacking two of the elements 610 in a vertical stack or column using themounting system 700 of the present disclosure. FIG. 60 is a bottomperspective view of one of the elements 610 of FIGS. 55-59 and

FIG. 61 is a bottom plan view of the element 610 of FIG. 60.

According to an example embodiment, the mounting system 700 includes afirst locking feature 701 in the form of at least one stud 702 (e.g., aplurality of studs 702 as depicted) that is provided at a top surface690 of an element 610 and a second locking feature 703 in the form of atleast one slot 704 (e.g., a plurality of slots 704 as depicted) that isprovided at a bottom surface 692 of an element 610. According to anexample embodiment, to improve manufacturing efficiency andstandardization, an element 610 may include both the studs 702 at itstop surface 690 and the slots 704 at its bottom surface 692. Thus, whenstacking similarly configured elements 610, the studs 702 that arelocated at the top surface 690 of an element 610 can cooperate with theslots 704 that are located at the bottom surface 692 of an adjacentelement that is to be stacked vertically with the first element 610.

In addition to the studs 702 and slots 704 which cooperate to partiallyfix the elements 610 together, the mounting system 700 of the presentinvention also includes a third locking feature 705 in the form of aremovably mounted slide lock 706. As will be described in further detailbelow, the slide lock 706 is configured to prevent two stacked elements610 from relatively sliding along the horizontal direction so as toprevent removal of the studs 702 from the slots 704, and, thus,separation of the two elements 610.

Still referring to FIGS. 55-61, in the depicted embodiment, the studs702 are located along both the right side 694 and the left side 696 ofthe element 610. Similarly, as shown in FIGS. 60 and 61, the slots 704are also positioned on the right and left sides 694, 696 of the element610 so as to align and cooperate with the studs 702 of an adjacentelement 610 for using the mounting system 700.

Each stud 702 includes a stem portion 708 and a flange portion 710. Eachslot 704 includes a receiver portion 712 and a retention portion 714.The receiver portion 712 is sized to accommodate the flange portion 710of the stud 702. Once the flange portion 710 of a stud 702 has beeninserted through the receiver portion 712 of a slot 704, the stemportion 708 of the stud 702 slides through the retention portion 714until the flange portion 710 of the stud 702 is positioned above theretention portion 714. Further advancement of a stud 702 within a slot704 is prevented due to the abutment of the stem portion 708 of the stud702 with an end 716 of the retention portion 714 of the slot 704 thatacts as a positive stop.

In this manner, once the flange portion 710 of a stud 702 has beenpositioned above the retention portion 714 of a slot 704, the stud 702cannot be separated from the slot 704 along a direction perpendicular tothe sliding direction.

As shown in FIG. 55, when stacking two elements 610 together, theelements 610 are initially aligned to position the flange portions 710of the studs 702 of a bottom element 610 with the receiver portions 712of the slots 704 of an upper element 610. As shown in FIGS. 56 and 57,after the elements 610 are brought together, the elements 610 are slidwith respect to each other. In the depicted embodiment, the upperelement 610 is slid rearwardly with respect to the bottom element 610.This movement results in the stem portions 708 of the studs 702 slidingthrough the retention portions 714 of the slots 704 and bringing theflange portions 710 of the studs 702 over the retention portions 714 ofthe slots 704. When the stem portion 708 finally abuts the positive stopdefined by the end 716 of the slot 704 and the relative sliding of theelements 610 is completed, separation in the vertical direction isprevented. Separation of the two elements 610, at this point, requires areversal of the steps used in fixing the two elements 610. Forseparation, the stem portions 708 of the studs 702 have to be slidthrough the retention portions 714 of the slots 704 until the flangeportions 710 are aligned with the receiver portions 712 of the slots704. And, at that point, the two elements 610 can be separated from eachother along a vertical direction perpendicular to the sliding direction.

Since separation of the two elements 610, after they have been fixed viathe studs 702 and the slots 704, requires reverse relative horizontalmovement between the elements 610, the mounting system 700 of thepresent disclosure further includes the slide lock 706 noted above andshown in FIGS. 58 and 59. The slide lock 706 is configured to preventtwo stacked elements 610 from sliding along the horizontal directionwith respect to each other such that the studs 702 cannot be removedfrom the slots 704.

As shown in FIG. 60, each element 610 has been provided with specificfeatures to utilize the slide lock 706. In the example shown in FIG. 60,each element 610 defines a cutout 718 at a lower side edge 720 thereof(i.e., lower cutout 718) at both the right and left sides 694, 696 ofthe element 610 and a cutout 722 at an upper side edge 724 thereof(i.e., upper cutout 722) at both the right and left sides 694, 696 ofthe element 610. The upper cutouts 722 are configured to align with andcooperate with the lower cutouts 718 when two elements 610 are stackedin order to use the slide lock 706 to prevent separation of the elements610. Again, as noted above, each element 610 may be provided with bothan upper cutout 722 and a lower cutout 718 for manufacturing efficiencyand standardization of the parts.

It should be noted that although the depicted example of the mountingsystem 700 utilizes a slide lock 706 on both the right and left sides694, 696 of an element stack, a slide lock 706 can be used on a singleside of the stack if desired. Also, it should be noted that although thedepicted example of the mounting system 700 utilizes a single slide lock706 on each of the right and left sides 694, 696 of an element stack,more slide locks 706 can be used if desired.

Referring specifically now to a lower cutout 718 of an element 610, thecutout 718 defines both a bottom notch 726 and a side notch 728. Theupper cutout 722 defines both a top notch 730 and a side notch 732. Thecutouts 718, 722 are configured such that when the lower cutout 718 ofan upper element 610 aligns with the upper cutout 722 of a lower element610, an opening 734 is created between the two elements 610. The opening734 is created by the alignment of the bottom notch 726 of a lowercutout 718 and the top notch 730 of an upper cutout 722.

The slide lock 706 is inserted into the opening 734 and prevents anyhorizontal movement between two stacked elements 610. The slide lock706, according to the depicted embodiment, is a removable snap-fitstructure that includes a flexible cantilever tab 736. The flexiblecantilever tab 736 provides a frictional fit against the top and bottomnotches 730, 726 of the upper and lower cutouts 722, 718, respectively,and can be flexed back toward the center of the slide lock 706 inremoving the slide lock 706.

The side notches 732, 728 of the upper and lower cutouts 722, 718 alsoalign when the elements 610 are moved into position. The side notches732, 728 accommodate a user's fingers for accessing the slide lock 706for either insertion or removal.

Thus, the mounting system 700 of the present disclosure provides aquick-attach solution that can be used in stacking elements 610 in acolumn for further mounting to equipment such as telecommunicationsracks, frames, or cabinets. The mounting system 700 of the presentdisclosure provides an unobtrusive attachment solution that can beincorporated in a variety of telecommunications distribution elementdesigns. The mounting system 700 of the present disclosure may be usedas a retro-fit solution on pre-existing telecommunications equipmentwith slight modification to certain aspects of the preexisting equipmentto incorporate features of the system.

The mounting system 700 may be used to mount or stack two or moreelements (such as the optical fiber distribution elements 610) that havesimilar configurations.

The mounting system 700 may also be used to mount or stack dissimilarequipment together if those pieces of equipment include features of thesystem 700 that allow them to intermate. For example, elements includingequipment other than optical distribution features may be mounted tooptical distribution elements such as elements 610 using the system 700of the present disclosure as long as those equipment are configured withfeatures of the system 700 that allow them to intermate with thefeatures of equipment such as elements 610.

The mounting or stacking system 700 of the present disclosure may beused in instances where a single element includes features for mountingthat element to a telecommunications rack, frame, or cabinet and otherelements may be stacked with respect to that element using the system700. For example, as shown in the example version of the element 510 inFIGS. 48-52, an element or chassis may include a universal quick-connectmounting mechanism similar to mechanism 500 of FIGS. 48-52 includinguniversal mounting brackets 502 for releasably mounting that element orchassis to a telecommunications fixture, such as an optical fiberdistribution rack. Using the stacking system 700 of the presentdisclosure, only one of the elements that are to be mounted to aseparate fixture such as a rack would need to have the structure forutilizing a mechanism such as the universal mounting mechanism 500. Therest of the elements could be stacked with respect to that element byusing the mounting or stacking system 700 of the present disclosure thatrelatively fixes the elements and prevents relative sliding between theelements and relative separation between the elements in a directiongenerally perpendicular to the direction of the relative sliding.

The element utilizing the mounting features (such as the universalquick-connect mechanism 500 shown in FIGS. 48-52) for mounting to aseparate telecommunications fixture may be located at the top of thestack, at the bottom of the stack, or in the middle of the stack usingthe features of the stacking system 700 of the present disclosure.

In using a mounting system such as the universal quick-connect mechanism500 as shown in FIGS. 48-52, since the tray of an element has to bepulled from its chassis to allow enough room for gripping the gripportion 534 of the release handle 506, as seen in FIG. 52, to pull thetray forwardly, it might be useful for a technician to know from anexterior of an element whether that element is one that includes thequick-connect mechanism 500.

For this reason, as illustrated in the examples of elements 1810 shownin FIGS. 81 and 82 and elements similar to elements 1810 shown in FIGS.92 and 93, the U-shaped radius limiters 1838 on these elements 1810 maydefine at least one opening 2028 (two openings in the depicted version)at a front face thereof for allowing a user to see whether an elementincludes mounting features such as the universal quick-connect system500 from an exterior of the element. In the version of the elements 1810shown in FIGS. 81, 82, 92, and 93, at least a portion of the releasehandle 506 is visible from an exterior of the element via the openings2028 even when the element is in a fully-closed position. In FIG. 92,only the top element 1810 in the stack of elements is illustrated ashaving a quick-connect mechanism 500. A portion of the release handle506 is visible through the opening 2028 only on the top element 1810.FIG. 93 illustrates a close-up view of the front face of the U-shapedradius limiter 1838 showing the opening 2028.

Referring now to FIGS. 62-65, another embodiment of a mounting system900 for fixedly stacking two or more telecommunications elements in avertical column or stack is illustrated. In FIGS. 62-65, the mountingsystem 900 of the present disclosure is illustrated as being used tostack elements 810 having features similar to those elements 610 shownin FIGS. 53-61.

It should be noted that although the mounting system 900 of the presentdisclosure has been shown as being used on a piece of telecommunicationsequipment such as the optical fiber distribution element 810 (which hassimilar features to those elements 10, 210, 410, 510, and 610 of FIGS.1-61), the optical fiber distribution element 810 is simply one exampleof telecommunications equipment on which the mounting system 900 may beused for fixedly stacking such elements for further mounting toequipment such as telecommunications racks, frames, or cabinets. As willbe discussed in further detail below, the element 810 has beenconfigured specifically to incorporate certain aspects of the mountingsystem 900. However, it should be understood that the mounting system900 of the present disclosure includes features having inventive aspectsin isolation and can be used on other types of optical fiberdistribution elements as long as the elements or chassis thereof areadapted to incorporate aspects of the mounting system 900. According tocertain embodiments of the disclosure, the mounting system 900 of thepresent disclosure may be used as a retro-fit solution on pre-existingtelecommunications equipment by modifying certain aspects of thepreexisting equipment to incorporate features of the system 900, as willbe apparent from the following description.

Still referring to FIGS. 62-65, the mounting system 900 will now bedescribed in further detail. FIGS. 62-63 illustrate the steps forstacking two of the elements 810 in a vertical stack or column using themounting system 900 of the present disclosure. FIG. 64 is across-section taken along line 64-64 of FIG. 63, and FIG. 65 illustratesa portion of the cross-section of FIG. 64 from a direct side view.

According to an example embodiment, the mounting system 900 includes afirst locking feature 901 in the form of at least one stud 902 (e.g., aplurality of studs 902 as depicted) that is provided at a top surface890 of an element 810 and a second locking feature 903 in the form of atleast one slot 904 (e.g., a plurality of slots 904 as depicted) that isprovided at a bottom surface 892 of an element 810. According to anexample embodiment, to improve manufacturing efficiency andstandardization, an element 810 may include both the studs 902 at itstop surface 890 and the slots 904 at its bottom surface 892. Thus, whenstacking similarly configured elements 810, the studs 902 that arelocated at the top surface 890 of an element 810 can cooperate with theslots 904 that are located at the bottom surface 892 of an adjacentelement that is to be stacked vertically with the first element 810. Itshould be noted that slots 904 are similar in configuration to slots 704that are shown at the bottom of the element 610 in FIGS. 60-61.

In addition to the studs 902 and slots 904 which cooperate to partiallyfix the elements 810 together, the mounting system 900 of the presentinvention also includes a third locking feature 905 in the form of aslide lock 906. As will be described in further detail below, the slidelock 906 is configured to prevent two stacked elements 810 fromrelatively sliding along the horizontal direction so as to preventremoval of the studs 902 from the slots 904, and, thus, separation ofthe two elements 810.

Still referring to FIGS. 62-65, in the depicted embodiment, the studs902 are located along both the right side 894 and the left side 896 ofthe element 810. Similarly, the slots 904 are also positioned on theright and left sides 894, 896 of the element 810 so as to align andcooperate with the studs 902 of an adjacent element 810 for using themounting system 900.

Each stud 902 includes a stem portion 908 and a flange portion 910. Eachslot 904 includes a receiver portion 912 and a retention portion 914.The receiver portion 912 is sized to accommodate the flange portion 910of the stud 902. Once the flange portion 910 of a stud 902 has beeninserted through the receiver portion 912 of a slot 904, the stemportion 908 of the stud 902 slides through the retention portion 914until the flange portion 910 of the stud 902 is positioned above theretention portion 914. Further advancement of a stud 902 within a slot904 is prevented due to the abutment of the stem portion 908 of the stud902 with an end surface 916 defined by the retention portion 914 of theslot 904 that acts as a positive stop.

In this manner, once the flange portion 910 of a stud 902 has beenpositioned above the retention portion 914 of a slot 904, the stud 902cannot be separated from the slot 904 along a direction perpendicular tothe sliding direction.

As shown in FIG. 62, when stacking two elements 810 together, theelements 810 are initially aligned to position the flange portions 910of the studs 902 of a bottom element 810 with the receiver portions 912of the slots 904 of an upper element 810. As shown in FIGS. 63 and 64,after the elements 810 are brought together, the elements 810 are slidwith respect to each other. In the depicted embodiment, the upperelement 810 can be slid rearwardly with respect to the bottom element810 or the bottom element 810 can be slid forwardly with respect to theupper element 810. This movement results in the stem portions 908 of thestuds 902 sliding through the retention portions 914 of the slots 904and bringing the flange portions 910 of the studs 902 over the retentionportions 914 of the slots 904. When the stem portion 908 finally abutsthe positive stop defined by the end surface 916 of the slot 904 and therelative sliding of the elements 810 is completed, separation in thevertical direction is prevented. Separation of the two elements 810, atthis point, requires a reversal of the steps used in fixing the twoelements 810. For separation, the stem portions 908 of the studs 902have to be slid through the retention portions 914 of the slots 904until the flange portions 910 are aligned with the receiver portions 912of the slots 904. And, at that point, the two elements 810 can beseparated from each other along a vertical direction perpendicular tothe sliding direction.

Since separation of the two elements 810, after they have been fixed viathe studs 902 and the slots 904, requires reverse relative horizontalmovement between the elements 810, the mounting system 900 of thepresent disclosure further includes the slide lock 906 noted above andshown in FIGS. 65 and 66. The slide lock 906 is configured to preventtwo stacked elements 810 from sliding along the horizontal directionwith respect to each other such that the studs 902 cannot be removedfrom the slots 904.

As shown in FIGS. 64 and 65, each element 810 has been provided withspecific features to utilize the slide lock 906. In the example shown inFIGS. 62-65, the slide lock 906 is defined by a cantilever arm 918. Thecantilever arm 918 defines a stop surface 920, at least a portion ofwhich is configured to abut the stud 902 and prevent the stud 902 fromsliding horizontally from the retention portion 914 to the receiverportion 912 of the slot 904. The stop surface 920 captures the stud 902against the end surface 916.

As shown in FIGS. 64-65, at least a portion of the cantilever arm 918(i.e., the portion that defines the stop surface 920) communicates withthe retention portion 914 of the slot 904. In this manner, the portionof the cantilever arm 918 that communicates with the retention portion914 of the slot 904 can abut the stud 902 and prevent the stud 902 fromsliding.

As also shown in FIGS. 64-65, the cantilever arm 918 defines a taperedflex surface 922 that is configured to facilitate flexing of thecantilever arm 918 elastically upwardly as the stud 902 is slid from thereceiver portion 912 of the slot 904 toward the retention portion 914 ofthe slot 904. The flex surface 922 tapers downwardly as it extends in adirection from the back to the front of the element 810. The flexsurface 922 intersects the stop surface 920 of the cantilever arm 918 todefine a lower front edge 924. In order to horizontally move the stud902 from the retention portion 914 to the receiver portion 912 of theslot 904, the edge 924 has to be cleared by the flange portion 910 ofthe stud 902. This may be accomplished by flexing the cantilever arm 918elastically upwardly in order to pass the flange portion 910 of the stud902 thereunder.

In should be noted that a slide lock 906 in the form of a cantilever arm918 may be provided at one or more of the slots 904 found on theelements 810. In certain embodiments, each slot 904 may include acantilever arm 918 communicating therewith for providing the slide lock906. In the example depicted in FIGS. 64-65, only two of the three slots904 on each side of the element include the cantilever arm 918.

It should also be noted that although the depicted example of themounting system 900 utilizes a slide lock 906 on both the right and leftsides 894, 896 of an element stack, a slide lock 906 can be used on asingle side of the stack if desired. However, using a slide lock 906 onboth sides 894, 896 of the element stack may provide more stability tothe locking mechanism.

Thus, the mounting system 900 of the present disclosure, similar to thelocking system 700, provides a quick-attach solution that can be used instacking elements 810 in a column for further mounting to equipment suchas telecommunications racks, frames, or cabinets. The mounting system900 of the present disclosure provides an unobtrusive attachmentsolution that can be incorporated in a variety of telecommunicationsdistribution element designs. The mounting system 900 of the presentdisclosure may be used as a retro-fit solution on pre-existingtelecommunications equipment with slight modification to certain aspectsof the preexisting equipment to incorporate features of the system.

The mounting system 900 may be used to mount or stack two or moreelements (such as the optical fiber distribution elements 810) that havesimilar configurations.

The mounting system 900 may also be used to mount or stack dissimilarequipment together if those pieces of equipment include features of thesystem 900 that allow them to intermate. For example, elements includingequipment other than optical distribution features may be mounted tooptical distribution elements such as elements 810 using the system 900of the present disclosure as long as that equipment is configured withfeatures of the system 900 that allow them to intermate with thefeatures of equipment such as elements 810.

The mounting or stacking system 900 of the present disclosure may beused in instances where a single element includes features for mountingthat element to a telecommunications rack, frame, or cabinet and otherelements may be stacked with respect to that element using the system900. For example, as shown in the example version of the element 510 inFIGS. 48-52, an element or chassis may include a universal quick-connectmounting mechanism similar to mechanism 500 of FIGS. 48-52 includinguniversal mounting brackets 502 for releasably mounting that element orchassis to a telecommunications fixture, such as an optical fiberdistribution rack. Using the stacking system 900 of the presentdisclosure, only one of the elements that are to be mounted to aseparate fixture such as a rack would need to have the structure forutilizing a mechanism such as the universal mounting mechanism 500. Therest of the elements could be stacked with respect to that element byusing the mounting or stacking system 900 of the present disclosure thatrelatively fixes the elements and prevents relative sliding between theelements and relative separation between the elements in a directiongenerally perpendicular to the direction of the relative sliding.

The element utilizing the mounting features (such as the universalquick-connect mechanism 500 shown in FIGS. 48-52) for mounting to aseparate telecommunications fixture may be located at the top of thestack, at the bottom of the stack, or in the middle of the stack usingthe features of the stacking system 900 of the present disclosure.

Referring now to FIGS. 66-67, the element 810 of FIGS. 62-65 is shownwith the tray 824 of the element 810 at an extended position toillustrate some of the internal features of the element 810. As shown,in FIG. 66, the tray 824 is illustrated empty without any frame members,and in FIG. 67, the tray 824 is illustrated populated with framemembers, one of which is further illustrated in further detail inisolation in FIG. 79. As will be discussed, the tray 824 of element 810may be used with a variety of different versions of frame members,examples of which will be discussed in further detail below.

Still referring to FIGS. 66-67, the element 810 includes a firstpivotable snap-fit cover 811 over a U-shaped radius limiter 838 that ison the slide mechanism of the element 810. The U-shaped radius limiter838 includes features similar to radius limiter 638 shown in FIGS.53-54. The element 810 further includes a second pivotable snap-fitcover 813 over a rear portion 815 of the S-shaped cable pathway 876defined within the tray 824 of the element 810. The covers 811, 813 areshown in an open configuration in FIG. 66 and shown in a closedconfiguration in FIG. 67.

The S-shaped pathway 876, similar to the embodiment of the element 610discussed previously, is divided into two separate troughs 827, 829 by adivider 825 that is toward the rear of the tray. According to an examplecable routing configuration, the two troughs 827, 829 may guide thecables to upper and lower levels 878, 880 defined toward the rear of thetray 824 while maintaining the S-shaped pathway 876 created within theelement 810. The covers 811, 813 help retain cables within the S-shapedpathway 876 defined within the tray 824 as the cables lead to and fromthe radius limiter 838 to the tray 824 within element 810. Thepivotability aspect of the covers 811, 813 facilitates initial placementof the cables within the S-shaped pathway 876 and provides access to thecables for removal. As shown, the covers 811, 813 may also includeapertures 821 for viewing the cables within the S-shaped pathway 876from an exterior of the tray 824 when the covers 811, 813 are closed.

Referring now to FIGS. 68-79, as noted above, various hingedly mountableframe members that may be used within the trays 824 of the elements 810are illustrated. Each of the frame members in FIGS. 68-79 is illustratedin isolation removed from the tray 824 of the element 810. In FIG. 67,discussed previously, the tray 824 is shown populated with framemembers, one of which is illustrated in isolation in further detail inFIG. 79.

Similar to the earlier embodiments of the elements, each tray 824 ofelement 810 may include two frame members in a stacked arrangement,wherein the frame members are hingedly mounted at hinges 858. A topframe member is normally positioned above a bottom frame member. Asdiscussed previously, the S-shaped pathway 876 includes an upper level878 and a lower level 880 in the interior. The upper level 878 isconfigured to supply an upper frame member, and the lower level 880 isconfigured to supply a lower frame member that is positioned below theupper frame member. The trays cooperate with the frame members indefining openings for guiding the cables to the specified frame members.

A portion 884 of the S-shaped pathway 876 is positioned adjacent tohinges 858 to avoid potentially damaging cable pull during pivotingmovement of frame members.

Similar to previously discussed trays, each tray 824 of element 810includes openings 897 to allow for technician access to the cableterminations within the tray 824. Furthermore, as will be discussed infurther detail, most of the embodiments of the frame members that areconfigured to be used within the tray 824 of element 810 include amiddle portion that is separated by openings from side portions, similarto the frame members discussed previously, for allowing connector accessto the technicians.

Referring now to FIG. 68, an embodiment of a frame member 956 that canbe used with the tray 824 of element 810 is illustrated in isolation.Each frame member 956 has a middle portion 960 separated by openings 962from side portions 964. Middle portion 960 can hold fiber terminationsin the form of fiber optic adapters that can receive fiber opticconnectors. Side portions 964 include radius limiters 970. The framemember 956 may include openings 957 at a rear portion thereof forallowing cables to be routed from an upper frame member 956 to a lowerframe member 956. Such openings 957 adjacent the hinges of the framemembers can be used on other frame members of the present application.

Referring now to FIG. 69, another embodiment of a frame member 1056 thatcan be used with the tray 824 of element is illustrated in isolation.Frame member 1056 is configured to hold fiber terminations in the formof fiber optic connectors that are different in format than thosereceived by the frame member 956 of FIG. 68.

Referring now to FIG. 70, an embodiment of a frame member 1156 that issimilar in configuration to the frame member 956 of FIG. 68 isillustrated. The middle portion 1160 of frame member 1156 can hold fiberterminations in the form of fiber optic adapter blocks.

Referring now to FIGS. 71-72, another embodiment of a frame member 1256that can be used with the tray 824 of element 810 is illustrated inisolation. Frame member 1256 is configured to hold fiber terminations inthe form of fiber optic adapters that can receive fiber optic connectorsat a center portion 1260 of the frame member 1256. The front portion1261 of the frame member 1256 includes splice regions 1263 for splicingof fiber optic cables. A cover 1265 may be used to cover the spliceregions 1263.

Referring now to FIG. 73, another embodiment of a frame member 1356 thatcan be used with the tray 824 of element 810 is illustrated inisolation. Frame member 1356 defines a plurality of individuallypivotable flip-trays 1357 that can support fiber optic equipment in theform of fiber terminations such as fiber optic connectors and otherfiber optic equipment such as splitters 1387. Radius limiters 1359 inthe form of spools are positioned at both the right side 1361 and theleft side 1363 of each flip-tray 1357.

FIG. 74 illustrates a frame member 1456 that is similar in constructionto the frame member 1356 of FIG. 73. Frame member 1456 defines spliceregions 1458 at the center portion 1460 of the individual flip-trays1457 between the radius limiters 1459, in addition to fiber opticsplitters 1387.

FIG. 75 illustrates a base portion 1556 for a frame member that can beused to mount different modular elements for changing the configurationor the layout of the fiber optic connectivity within the frame member.The base portion 1556 has a middle portion 1560 separated by openings1562 from side portions 1564. Middle portion 1560 can hold fiberterminations in the form of fiber optic adapters that can receive fiberoptic connectors. The side portions 1564 are configured to receivedifferent modular elements for varying the layout of a frame member. Themodular elements can be mounted to the side portions 1564 via snap-fitinterlocks. For example, the base portion 1556 is shown in FIG. 76 witha pair of modular elements 1569 that are configured to provide a layoutthat is similar in configuration to that of the frame member 956 of FIG.68, wherein the modular elements 1569 define radius limiters 1570.

FIG. 77 illustrates the snap-fit feature of the modular elements 1569 ina cross-sectional view. According to the depicted example, the modularelements 1569 may include a plurality of hooks 1590 on a first side 1591for catching against a first edge 1592 defined by one of the sideportions 1564. The modular elements 1569 may include a plurality ofelastically flexible snap-fit catches 1593 on an opposing second side1594 for catching against an opposing second edge 1595 defined by theside portions 1564. In this manner, using the hooks 1590 and catches1593, the modular elements 1569 can be mounted to the side portions 1564with a snap-fit and removed therefrom to allow changing the layout of aframe member.

FIG. 78 illustrates an embodiment of a frame member 1656 that includesone of the modular elements 1569 of FIGS. 76-77 and another modularelement 1669 defining a splice region 1671. FIG. 79 illustrates a framemember 1756 that has been formed by snap-fitting two modular elements1669 that include splice regions 1671 to the base portion 1556. A pairof the frame members 1756 can be seen in the tray 824 of element 810 ofFIG. 67 as discussed previously.

FIG. 80 illustrates another embodiment of an element 1810 havingfeatures similar to the element 810 of FIGS. 62-67. The element 1810defines at least one opening 1811 (two openings in the depicted version)at a front face 1814 defined by the slidable tray 1824 of the element1810. The opening(s) 1811 allow a user to see the type of frame memberthat is being housed within the tray 1824 from an exterior of theelement 1810. For example, frame members housed within the tray 1824such as the various hingedly-mountable frame members illustrated inFIGS. 68-79 may be color-coded based on the different types of frames orconnectivity arrangements provided by the frames. The opening(s) 1811allow a user or technician to be able to see the color of the framemember within the tray 1824 from an exterior of the element 1810 anddetermine the type or the connectivity arrangement without having toslidably open the tray 1824.

Even though all of the various embodiments of the elements illustratedin the present application have been shown with telecommunicationsequipment housed within the trays of the elements, FIGS. 81-82illustrate the element 1810 of FIG. 80 with a piece oftelecommunications equipment (e.g., fiber optic splitter) 1900 mountedto an exterior of the tray 1824. The fiber optic splitter 1900 ispositioned adjacent a U-shaped radius limiter 1838 that is positioned onthe front of the element 1810 with the inputs or the outputs of thefiber optic splitter 1900 generally aligned with an entrance 1839 of theU-shaped radius limiter 1838. In this manner, cables extending from thefiber optic splitter 1900 can be managed by the radius limiter 1838 asthe cables lead into or extend out of the tray 1824. As in the previousembodiments of the elements discussed, the U-shaped radius limiter 1838is configured to be able to slide with respect to the chassis of theelement 1810. The radius limiter 1838 moves in synchronized movementrelative to the chassis and the tray 1824 to maintain fiber slack,without causing fibers extending from the splitter 1900 to be bent,pinched, or pulled.

In the embodiment of the element 1810 shown in FIGS. 80-82, the fiberoptic splitter 1900 is mounted to one of the sidewalls 1812 of theelement 1810 with locking features 1862. In the depicted embodiment, thelocking features 1862 are provided in the form of a slide lock 1864 thatis defined by intermating dovetail structures between the wall 1812 andthe optical device 1900 itself. It should be noted that the slide lock1864 can be configured in a variety of different configurations as longas it allows equipment such as the optical equipment 1900 to be slidablyand removably coupled to the sidewall 1812. In the depicted example, thedovetail structures are defined by dovetails that are provided on theoptical equipment 1900 and dovetail receivers 1868 that are provided onthe walls 1812.

As shown in FIGS. 80-82, each dovetail receiver 1868 defines a receivingportion 1867 and a retention portion 1869. When an optical device 1900is mounted to the side wall 1812, each dovetail of the equipment 1900 isinserted into and through the receiving portion 1867 in a transversedirection, and the device 1900 is slid rearwardly along a longitudinaldirection until the dovetail thereof is moved into the retention portion1869 of the dovetail receiver 1868. The movement is reversed for removalof the optical device 1900 from the sidewall 1812, wherein the device1900 is first slid forwardly and then moved transversely to clear thedovetail receivers 1868.

In the depicted example of the element 1810, the side wall 1812 isconfigured with two rows of dovetail receivers 1868 for receiving twofiber optic devices 1900 in a stacked arrangement.

It should be noted that the locking features 1862 in the form ofdovetail receivers 1868 of the element 1810 may be used for mounting avariety of different structures at the sidewalls 1812 of the element1810, such as additional radius limiters, cable fixation clamps, otherfiber optic equipment, etc.

For example, FIGS. 86A-86C illustrate an example of a cable fixationdevice or clamp 1899 that may be slidably mounted to the sidewalls 1812of element 1810. Cable fixation devices similar to device 1899 shown inFIGS. 86A-86C are described in further detail in InternationalPublication No. WO 2014/173930, the entire disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

The cable fixation device 1899 is similar to the cable fixation devicesshown and described in WO 2014/173930 in that the cable mount 1899 isconfigured for securing an incoming cable such as a distribution orfeeder cable to a side of an element such as an element 1810. The cablemount 1899 is sized for mounting cables that are larger in diameter thanthose mounted by the cable fixation devices in WO 2014/173930.

Similar to the cable fixation devices in WO 2014/173930, the cable mount1899 of the present application is defined by a base portion 1901 and afiber routing portion 1903 that is configured to be mounted to the baseportion 1901 with a snap-fit interlock.

As shown in FIG. 86A, the fiber routing portion 1903 defines flexiblecantilever fingers 1905 with ramped tabs 1907 that are configured to bereceived within slots 1909 on the base portion 1901. When the fiberrouting portion 1903 is snap-fit with respect to the base portion 1901,the two portions 1901, 1903 cooperatively form the cable mount 1899.

The cable mount 1899 includes features for securing or clamping thestrength members of an incoming cable to limit axial pull on the cableto preserve the optical fibers. A strength member clamp 1936 of thecable mount 1899 is defined by the interaction of a portion (i.e., aclamping surface 1938) of the base portion 1901 and fixation plates 1940that are configured to be clamped against the base portion 1901 viafasteners 1942. The strength member clamp 1936 will be described infurther detail below. The portion of the base 1901 that forms theclamping surface 1938 for clamping the strength members may also bereferred to as a first clamp member, and the fixation plates 1940 mayalso be referred to as second clamp members of the strength member clamp1936.

The cable mount 1899, once assembled, defines a front end and a rearend. The cable mount 1899 is configured to receive an incoming cablethrough the rear end. The base portion 1901 of the cable mount 1899defines a jacket channel 1920 for housing the jacket of the incomingcable. A strength member pocket 1924 is defined by the base portion forreceiving strength members of the incoming cable. The fiber routingportion 1903 of the cable mount 1899 includes features for guidingindividual fiber-carrying loose tubes to different desired directions asthe fibers extend toward the front end of the cable mount 1899.

The jacket channel 1920 is defined by upper and lower transverse walls1931, 1933. A divider wall 1935 of the cable mount 1899 separates thejacket channel 1920 from the strength member pocket 1924. The strengthmember pocket 1924 is defined on an opposite side of the divider wall1935 from the jacket channel 1920. The divider wall 1935 defines a pairof openings 1937 through which the jacket channel 1920 communicates withthe strength member pocket 1924. When a cable is received from the rearend of the cable mount 1899, the strength members of the cableprotruding from the jacket of the cable are inserted into the strengthmember pocket 1924 through the openings 1937 before being clamped usingthe strength member clamp 1936.

According to the depicted embodiment, the base portion 1901 of the cablemount 1899 is configured to be mounted to equipment such as element 1810with a snap-fit interlock. As shown, the base portion defines acantilever arm 1911 with a ramped tab 1913 adjacent the front end of thecable mount 1899 for interlocking with a notch that may be provided on apiece of telecommunications equipment. The base portion 1901 of thecable mount 1899 also defines catches 1915 having dovetail profilesalong the base portion 1901 that are configured to slidably mate withintermating structures provided on the element 1810. In this manner, thecable mount 1899 may be slidably attached to the element 1810 beforebeing locked into a notch defined by the equipment with the cantileverarm 1911. It should be noted that a snap-fit interlock utilizingdovetail profiles and a flexible cantilever lock is only one example ofan attachment mechanism that may be used to mount the cable mount 1899to an element such as element 1810 and that other types of attachmentmechanisms or methods (that limit axial pull on a secured cable) may beused.

As noted above, the cable mount 1899 is configured for securing orclamping the strength members of an incoming cable to limit axial pullon the cable to preserve the optical fibers. Once the strength membersof an incoming cable are inserted into the strength member pocket 1924through the openings 1937, the strength members may be clamped betweenthe clamping surface 1938 defined by the base portion 1901 and thefixation plates 1940.

The fixation plates 1940 each define a fastener mount 1941 that has athreaded opening 1943 for receiving the fastener 1942 when clamping thefixation plates 1940 with respect to the base portion 1901. The fastenermount 1941 defines a throughhole 1963 that extends along a longitudinalaxis of the fixation plates (generally perpendicular to the threadedopening 1943) that is for receiving the strength member of the cable.When the fasteners 1942 are used to clamp the fixation plates 1940 withrespect to the base portion 1901, at least a portion of each fastenermay extend through the threaded opening 1943 and into the throughhole.The throughhole 1963 is preferably sized such that a strength member canextend therethrough without interference from the fastener 1942 thatextends at least partially into the throughhole 1963.

The fastener mount 1941 of each fixation plate 1940 extends from a topof the fixation plate 1940 to a portion of the fixation plate 1940 thatdefines a clamping surface 1945. The clamping surface 1945 of thefixation plate 1940 is configured to abut against the clamping surface1938 defined by the base portion 1901 in clamping the strength member ofthe cable. As noted above, clamping the fixation plates 1940 against thebase portion 1901 is accomplished by using the fasteners 1942, which arethreadedly engaged with the fastener mounts 1941 and which draw thefixation plates 1940 towards the base portion 1901. The base portion1901 defines openings 1917 that are configured to accommodate andreceive the fastener mounts 1941 as the fixation plates 1940 are pulledup with respect to the base portion 1901.

The fiber routing portion 1903 of the cable mount 1899 is configured toreceive and guide the fiber carrying tubes of a cable being mountedusing the cable mount 1899. Fiber carrying tubes are lead up a ramp 1987defined by the fiber routing portion 1903 after the strength member ofthe cable has been separated therefrom and has been inserted into thestrength member pocket 1924. The divider wall 1935 keeps the fibercarrying tubes and the cable jacket separate from the strength memberpocket 1924 similar to the embodiments of the cable mount discussedpreviously. In this manner, when the cables are subjected to pullingforces, the fiber carrying components are isolated from the part of thecable mount that clamps the strength member.

The fiber routing portion 1903 of the cable mount 1899 defines a pair offastener mounts 1919. The fastener mounts 1919 define pockets 1921 foraccommodating the heads of the fasteners 1942. The fastener mounts 1919allow the fasteners 1942 to pass from the fiber routing portion 1903through the opening 1917 of the base portion 1901 into the fastenermounts 1941 of the fixation plates 1940. As the fasteners 1942 arethreadably turned with respect to the fiber routing portion 1903, thefixation plates 1940 are pulled toward the base portion 1901 to clampthe strength members between the clamping surfaces 1938 and 1945.

As noted previously, the fiber routing portion 1903 of the cable mount1899 includes features for guiding individual fiber-carrying loose tubesto different desired directions as the fibers extend toward the frontend of the cable mount 1899. The fiber routing portion 1903 definescable management structures in the form of spools 1927 that areconfigured to guide the fiber carrying tubes to different desireddirections without violating minimum bend requirements.

As shown, the spools 1927 may include flanges 1929 for retaining thefibers within the fiber routing portion 1903. A plurality of fiberchannels 1959 are formed between the spools 1927. The flanges 1929 ofthe spools facilitate in keeping the fibers within desired fiberchannels 1959.

As shown, the base portion 1901 may define walls 1997 at the front endto cooperate with the spools 1927 of the fiber routing portion 1903 fordirecting or guiding the fiber carrying tubes extending from the spools1927 to different locations around a distribution element.

The fiber routing portion 1903, specifically the spools 1927, aredesigned to allow the fibers to be routed to different locations aroundan element or to different elements. The fiber routing portion 1903 isconfigured to allow the fiber carrying tubes to extend straightupwardly, straight downwardly, diagonally upwardly, diagonallydownwardly, or straight through after passing through the channels 1959.

In the embodiment of the cable mount 1899 illustrated, the fiber routingportion 1903 is provided as a separate structure than the base portion1901 of the cable mount 1899 and is mounted to the base portion 1901with a snap-fit interlock. The two portions are provided as separatestructures so that the base portion 1901 can be used with fiber routingportions that may have a different configuration than the fiber routingportion 1903 that is shown in FIGS. 86A-86C. The separability of the twoportions 1901 and 1903 allows variability in the design of the fiberrouting portion depending upon the type of cable used. For example, thenumber and the structure of the spools 1927 can be varied depending uponthe size and the number of the fibers of the clamped cable. FIGS.87A-87C illustrate an example of a cable fixation device 1999 that has adifferent fiber routing portion 2013. In FIGS. 88A-88C, the cablefixation device 1999 of FIGS. 87A-87C is shown used with a cable wrap2003 similar to the cable wrap 102 of FIG. 16 that provides additionalprotection of the fiber breakouts extending from the cable mount 1999.

Referring now to FIGS. 83 and 83A, another version of a latch 1968 forlatching the tray 1824 to the cover 1866 in the closed position isillustrated on element 1810. The latch 1968, which is provided as partof the tray 1824, includes a spring-loaded ball 1970 that is configuredto be nested within notches or holes 1971 defined on the cover 1866 ofeach of the elements 1810. The notches or holes 1971 of the cover 1866are shown in FIGS. 80-82. The spring-loaded ball 1970 is configured tokeep the tray 1824 in a closed position. If a user applies enough forceto overcome the tension of the spring pushing against the spring-loadedball 1970, the user can slide the tray 1824 to an open position. Thelatch 1968, even though illustrated on an element such as element 1810,can be used on any of the versions of the elements discussed previously.

Yet another embodiment of a latch 2020 for keeping the tray of anelement in a closed position is illustrated in FIGS. 89-91. The latch2020 is shown as being used on an element similar to element 1810 ofFIGS. 80-82. The latch 2020 is formed by a rib 2022 that is provided onthe U-shaped radius limiter 1838. The rib 2022 interacts with a handle2024 of the tray 1824 in keeping the tray 1824 in a closed position.When moving the tray 1824 toward an open position, the handle 2024 issimply forced over the rib 2022 or the rib 2022 is flexed slightlydownwardly. As noted previously, the U-shaped radius limiter 1838 isconfigured to be able to slide with respect to the chassis of theelement 1810. The radius limiter 1838 moves in synchronized movementrelative to the chassis and the tray 1824 to maintain fiber slack. Thelatch 2020 operates to keep the tray 1824 in a closed position bypreventing relative separation between the tray 1824 and the radiuslimiter 1838. Since the tray 1824 and the radius limiter 1838 areconfigured to move simultaneously but with the tray 1824 moving at twicethe speed of the radius limiter 1838, preventing relative separationbetween the tray 1824 and the radius limiter 1838 keeps the entire slidemechanism, and thus the tray 1824, from moving.

FIG. 89 illustrates the tray 1824 in a closed position, and FIG. 90illustrates the tray 1824 being moved from the closed position to anopen position.

Now referring to FIG. 91, the handle 2024 of the tray 1824 and the rib2022 formed on the U-shaped radius limiter 1838 may include additionalopenings 2026 that are configured to align when the tray 1824 is in theclosed position. The openings 2026 may be used to permanently orsemi-permanently secure the tray 1824 in the closed position viaattachment structures such as zip-ties, wires, etc.

Referring now to FIGS. 84 and 85, another example of a cable mount 2000is illustrated as being attached to the sidewall of element 1810. Thecable mount 2000 includes a Y-shaped body 2002 that defines an entrancetrough 2004 and two oppositely-extending exit troughs 2006. The cablemount 2000 is shown as attached vertically to the sidewall 1812 ofelement 1810 via fasteners 2008 that are inserted into fastener mounts2010 positioned toward the rear of the chassis of the element 1810.

A cable extending vertically within a telecommunications rack to whichthe element 1810 is mounted enters the entrance trough 2004 of cablemount 2000 and can lead either toward the front of the element 1810 ortoward the rear of the element 1810 via the exit troughs 2006.

The body 2002 of the cable mount 2000 defines tabs 2012 at the sides ofthe entrance trough 2004 for pressing against the outer jackets of thecables to frictionally hold the cables mounted using the cable mount2000. The tabs 2012 may also be provided along the sides of the exittroughs 2006.

The cable mount can be mounted to any of the elements 1810 along avertical block depending upon where the vertical cable needs to bedirected.

Referring now to FIGS. 94-104, another embodiment of a cable manager2100 that is used with a stack of elements similar to elements 1810shown in FIGS. 80-82 and 89-91 is illustrated. In FIG. 94, the stack ofelements 1810 is illustrated with a pair of the cable managers 2100.Various views of one of the cable managers 2100 in isolation is shown inFIGS. 95-104.

The cable managers 2100 are designed and positioned for guiding andproviding bend radius protection for optical cables extending betweendifferent layers of elements 1810.

As illustrated, each cable manager 2100 defines a large spool portion2102 that guides the cables and a flange portion 2104 that provides aretaining surface for the cables.

In the illustrated example, each cable manager 2100 is large enough tospan across two layers of elements 1810 in the vertical direction. Thecable managers 2100 may be configured to be mounted to the elements 1810via a variety of methods such as with snap-fit interlocks,slide-interlocks (e.g., with dovetail structures), etc.

The cable managers 2100 are mounted toward the back of the stack ofelements 1810 so that sufficient length of cabling is provided from theexit/entrance point adjacent the front of an element 1810 to the cablemanager 2100 so as to minimize the signal degradation when bending thecables in leading them to other layers. As shown, with the use of thecable managers 2100, cables can be lead to vertically adjacent layers orlayers of elements 1810 that are spaced farther apart. The spoolportions 2102 are large enough to accommodate multiple cable bundles.

Referring now to FIGS. 105-117, as noted above, various hingedlymountable frame members may be used within the trays of the opticalfiber distribution elements to provide for various routing/distributionconfigurations.

FIGS. 105-117 illustrate a system 2200 for hingedly connecting framemembers, for example, similar to those shown in FIGS. 68-79, to trays ofelements, for example, similar to those shown in FIGS. 80-82 and 89-94.As will be discussed in further detail below, the connection system 2200between the trays of the elements and the frame members is formed by ahinge structure 2202 that includes features that are examples ofinventive aspects in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIGS. 105-106 illustrate an example embodiment of an optical fiberdistribution element 2210 (similar to those of FIGS. 80-82 and 89-94)and frame members 2256 (similar to those of FIGS. 68-79) attachedthereto utilizing the hinge structure 2202.

It should be noted that the element 2210 and the frame members 2256attached to the tray 2224 thereof, illustrated in FIGS. 105-106, areexemplary structures that may utilize and are used to illustrate thefeatures of the hinge structure 2202 of the present disclosure, and theinventive aspects relating to the hinge structure 2202 should not belimited to those elements/fixtures shown.

Still referring to FIGS. 105-106, similar to the earlier embodiments ofthe elements, each tray 2224 of element 2210 may include two framemembers 2256 in a stacked arrangement, wherein the frame members 2256are pivotally mounted at hinge structures 2202. A top frame member 2256a is normally positioned above a bottom frame member 2256 b. Asdiscussed previously, the S-shaped pathways within each element 2210includes an upper level and a lower level in the interior. The upperlevel is generally configured to supply the upper frame member 2256 a,and the lower level is generally configured to supply the lower framemember 2256 b that is positioned below the upper frame member 2256 a.The trays 2224 cooperate with the frame members 2256 in definingopenings for guiding the cables to the specified frame members 2256.

As in previous examples, a portion of the S-shaped pathway may bepositioned adjacent to hinge structures 2202 to avoid potentiallydamaging cable pull during pivoting movement of frame members 2256.

Referring specifically to FIGS. 107-117, the hinge structure 2202 isillustrated in closer detail. The hinge structure 2202 is generallydefined by a pair of hinge pins 2203 located at the rear of each of theframe members 2256. The pair of hinge pins 2203 is configured to bereceived by a pair of hinge pin receivers 2204 located toward the rearof the tray 2224. For ease of description, only one of the hinge pins2203 of the pair and only one of the pin receivers 2204 of the pair willbe described in detail with the understanding that the features arefully applicable to the other.

As shown, each hinge pin 2203 is divided into two halves 2205 (aright/first half 2205 a and a left/second half 2205 b) by a notch 2206.As will be discussed in further detail below, the notch 2206 forms apart of the system 2200 associated with the hinge structure 2202. Eachpin half 2205 defines a rib 2207 extending downwardly. As will bedescribed in further detail, each rib 2207 defines abutting surfaces(i.e., a rear abutting surface 2208 and a front abutting surface 2209)on opposing sides to form parts of positive stops for limiting thepivotal movement of the frame members 2256.

Each pin receiver 2204 that is positioned on the tray 2224 defines twosets of opposing fingers 2211 separated by a divider 2212. The opposingfingers 2211 define slots 2213 on each side of the divider 2212 forreceiving each of the pin halves 2205. When the hinge pin 2203 isreceived by the pin receiver 2204, the notch 2206 accommodates thedivider 2212 to form the system 2200. The divider 2212, in addition toforming a part of the system 2200, also provides strength and rigidityto the pin receiver portion 2204 of the hinge structure 2202 to limitflexing of the pin receiver 2204.

When the pin halves 2205 are inserted into the slots 2213 formed by theopposing fingers 2211, the pin halves 2205 are guided into the slots2213 via angled receiving surfaces 2214 defined by the fingers 2211. Theangled surfaces 2214 lead to generally circular pin pockets 2215 thatguide pivotal motion of the pin halves 2205 as shown in FIGS. 110, 112,and 113.

As noted previously, each rib 2207 associated with a pin half 2205defines rear and front abutting surfaces 2208, 2209 on opposing sides.As shown in FIG. 110, the rear abutting surface 2208 is configured toabut a first stop surface 2216 defined on the pin receiver 2204 when theframe member 2256 has been brought to a closed position. And, the frontabutting surface 2209 is configured to abut a second stop surface 2217(defined by one of the fingers 2211) when the frame member 2256 has beenbrought to an open position. The front and rear abutting surfaces 2209,2208 and the first and second stop surfaces 2216, 2217 cooperativelyform positive stops to limit the pivotal motion of the frame members2256 to a 90-degree travel path.

As shown in FIGS. 107-109, 111, and 114-117, at least one of the hingestructures 2202 (upper level or lower level) may include a retentionelement 2218 configured to keep an open frame member 2256 at the openposition. The retention element 2218 is provided in the form of anelastically flexible cantilever arm 2219. The elastically flexiblecantilever arm 2219 is configured to abut a wall structure 2220 formedadjacent each hinge pin 2203 for retaining the frame member 2256 in anopen position.

As shown in FIGS. 107-109, 111, and 114-117, the cantilever arm 2219defines a tab 2221 at a free end thereof. The tab 2221 defines anupward, rearward extending ramp 2222 that meets an upward, forwardextending ramp 2223. As shown in the cross-sectional views of FIGS.115-117, an inner surface 2225 of the wall 2220 abuts the upward,rearward extending ramp 2222 during the opening of the frame member 2256to deflect the cantilever arm 2219. Once the frame member 2256 is aboutto be brought to a fully open position, the wall 2220 clears the upward,rearward extending ramp 2222 and starts abutting the upward, forwardextending ramp 2223, which allows the cantilever arm 2219 to flex back.The interaction of an outer surface 2226 of the wall with the upward,forward extending ramp 2223 of the tab 2221 keeps the frame member 2256in an open position.

The flexible cantilever arm 2219 provides a biased retaining force inkeeping the frame member 2256 in an open position. If the frame member2256 needs to be pivoted to a closed position, the bias of thecantilever arm 2219 has to be overcome by a “break-away” force to startflexing the cantilever arm 2219 and to clear the upward, forwardextending ramp 2223.

It should be noted that although only the upper hinge structure 2202 ofthe tray 2224 has been shown with such a retention feature 2218, thelower hinge structure 2202 may also utilize such a retention feature2218 for keeping the frame members 2256 at an upright, open position.

Now referring to FIGS. 118-125, another embodiment of an element 2310that includes features similar to a number of the optical fiberdistribution elements shown in FIGS. 1-117 is illustrated. Referring toFIGS. 118-125, the element 2310 provides a mechanism 2360 for limitingor preventing closure of the tray 2324 of the element 2310 with respectto the chassis 2320 of the element 2310 when the second pivotablesnap-fit cover 2313 is still in the open position. As will be discussedin further detail below, the mechanism 2360 is provided in part by a tab2362 extending transversely from the snap-fit cover 2313 itself and inpart by a cantilever arm 2364 defining a latch finger 2366 positioned onthe portion of the element 2310 that defines the U-shaped radius limiter2338. As will be discussed, when the cover 2313 is brought to a closedposition, the interaction of the tab 2362 with the latch finger 2366forces the latch finger 2366 to move transversely and out of a notch2368 positioned on the tray 2324 to allow the slide mechanism 2330 ofthe element 2310 to operate to move the tray 2324 with respect to thechassis 2320 (please see FIGS. 124-125).

As discussed previously above, the element 2310 is similar to otherversions of the elements shown in FIGS. 1-117 and includes a firstpivotable snap-fit cover 2311 that pivotally opens and closes to coverthe U-shaped radius limiter 2338 that is on the slide mechanism 2330 ofthe element 2310. The element 2310 further includes the second pivotablesnap-fit cover 2313 that is configured to be positioned over a rearportion 2315 of the S-shaped cable pathway 2376 defined within the tray2324 of the element 2310. The covers 2311, 2313 help retain cableswithin the S-shaped pathway 2376 defined within the tray 2324 as thecables lead to and from the radius limiter 2338 to the tray 2324 withinelement 2310. The pivotability aspect of the covers 2311, 2313facilitates initial placement of the cables within the S-shaped pathway2376 and provides access to the cables for removal.

Referring now to FIGS. 66-67 and to the element 810 shown therein, thatelement 810 is provided with a second snap-fit cover 813 similar tocover 2313 of element 2310. However, one concern regarding the secondsnap-fit cover 813 of element 810 is that the tray 824 can still bemoved to a closed position even if the cover 813 has been inadvertentlyleft in the open position. Since there is some space or room between twoor more stacked elements (such as elements 810), the cover 813 may beinadvertently left open and not completely snap-fit to the elementwithout affecting the slidable movement of the tray 824. Leaving thesnap-fit cover 813 slightly open can lead to a number of issues.

For example, if a cover 813 of a lower element 810 is left open when thelower tray 824 has been pushed into the chassis 820, sliding the tray824 of an upper element 810 may contact and break the cover 813 of thelower element 810.

Also, in certain circumstances, if the cover 813 of a lower element 810has been left slightly open when the tray 824 has been pushed into thechassis 820, the tray 824 of an upper element 810, when being slid to aclosed position, may contact and further open the cover 813 of the lowerelement 810. This, in turn, may lead to the cover 813 of the lowerelement 810 being caught against the upper element 810 when the lowerelement 810 is attempted to be pulled out. Thus, the tray 824 of thelower element 810 may become trapped in the chassis 820 under the upperelement 810 and prevented from being opened all the way without breakingthe cover 813.

Thus, it is advantageous to have a mechanism such as mechanism 2360 thatprovides a sequential operation for pivotally closing the cover 2313before the tray 2324 can be slid back to a closed position. Such amechanism 2360 is configured to prevent inadvertent closing of the tray2324 before the cover 2313 has been fully snapped closed.

Referring back to FIGS. 118-125, details of the mechanism 2360 areshown. As noted above, the mechanism 2360 is generally provided by a tab2362 projecting from the snap-fit cover 2313 itself that is configuredto contact and move a biased latch finger 2366 out of a notch 2368provided on the tray 2324 to allow the slide mechanism 2330 to move thetray 2324 with respect to the chassis 2320.

As shown in FIGS. 122-123, the cantilever arm 2364 is provided as partof the portion of the element 2310 that defines the U-shaped radiuslimiter 2338. At the end of the cantilever arm 2364 is the ramped latchfinger 2366. The latch finger 2366, when the tray 2324 is in thecompletely open position, is biased by the cantilever arm 2364 to alignwith and fit within the notch 2368 defined on the tray 2324 (please seeFIGS. 120, 121, and 124). When the latch finger 2366 is in the notch2368, it acts as a catch to limit or prevent movement of the tray 2324rearwardly with respect to the portion of the element 2310 that definesthe U-shaped radius limiter 2338. And, since the tray 2324 and theU-shaped radius 2338 are two parts of the element 2310 that have to movein a synchronized fashion with respect to the chassis 2320 in order forthe slide mechanism 2330 to work, the tray 2324 is latched in place. Thelatch finger 2366, by abutting the tray 2324, essentially preventsseparation of the tray 2324 and the portion of the element 2310 thatdefines the U-shaped radius limiter 2338 to keep the tray 2324 in alocked state with respect to the chassis 2320.

Referring now to FIGS. 118, 119, and 125, when the pivotable cover 2313is pivoted to a closed position and snapped into place, the tab 2362 ofthe cover 2313 contacts the ramped latch finger 2366 and moves it out ofthe notch 2368 against the bias provided by the cantilever arm 2364. Thecover 2313, which itself is positioned on the tray 2324, then fills thenotch 2368 instead of the finger 2366 of the U-shaped radius limiter2338, and the entire tray 2324 is free to move with respect to theradius limiter 2338.

When the tray 2324 is fully pulled out and the cover 2313 is pivoted toan open position, the latch finger 2366 moves into the notch 2368 underthe bias of the cantilever arm 2364 and once again limits/preventsslidable closure of the tray 2324 before the cover 2313 is snappedclose.

In this manner, a sequential process is provided by the mechanism 2360of the element 2310 to limit the issues discussed previously withrespect to the damage to the cover 2313.

PARTS LIST

-   10 element-   12 block-   20 chassis-   24 tray-   30 slide mechanism-   32 gears-   34 rack-   36 entry points-   38 radius limiters-   50 mounting structure-   52 adapters-   56 T-shaped frame member-   58 hinge-   62 top frame member-   64 bottom frame member-   70 adapter blocks-   72 connectors-   74 cables-   76 pathway-   78 upper level-   80 lower level-   84 portion-   86 flanges-   90 radius limiters-   96 openings-   100 cable mount-   102 cable wrap-   106 radius limiters-   210 element-   220 chassis-   224 tray-   230 slide mechanism-   238 radius limiters-   256 frame members-   258 hinges-   260 middle portion-   262 openings-   264 side portions-   266 cover-   268 latches-   270 radius limiters-   276 pathway-   278 upper level-   280 lower level-   284 radius limiters-   286 cable mounts-   288 dovetail-   290 opening-   292 block-   294 bar-   296 fasteners-   310 element-   330 slide mechanism-   332 wheels-   334 wire-   336 wire-   340 first part-   342 second part-   344 third part-   410 element-   420 radius limiter-   430 friction members-   500 universal mounting mechanism-   502 universal mounting bracket-   504 locking spring-   506 release handle-   508 cover-   510 element-   512 latch openings-   514 front portion of the mounting bracket-   516 mounting tabs-   518 rear portion of the mounting bracket-   520 bracket channel-   522 deflection ramp-   524 end portion of the locking spring-   526 perpendicular locking face-   528 angular insertion face-   530 front end-   532 inner front face-   534 grip portion-   535 frangible/breakable portion of release handle-   536 deflection tab-   538 rear end of the release handle-   540 positive stop-   542 stop face-   544 slide mechanism-   545 fasteners-   550 blocking structure-   552 spring fastener-   554 handle fastener-   610 element-   620 chassis-   621 inner end of radius limiter-   623 outer end of radius limiter-   624 tray-   625 divider-   627 trough-   629 trough-   631 cable management tab-   633 cable management tab-   635 cable management finger-   638 radius limiter-   676 pathway-   678 upper level-   680 lower level-   684 cable guide-   690 top surface of an element-   692 bottom surface of an element-   694 right side-   696 left side-   700 mounting system-   701 first locking feature-   702 stud-   703 second locking feature-   704 slot-   705 third locking feature-   706 slide lock-   708 stem portion-   710 flange portion-   712 receiver portion-   714 retention portion-   716 end-   718 lower cutout-   720 lower side edge-   722 upper cutout-   724 upper side edge-   726 bottom notch of lower cutout-   728 side notch of lower cutout-   730 top botch of upper cutout-   732 side notch of upper cutout-   734 opening-   736 flexible cantilever tab-   810 element-   811 cover-   813 cover-   815 rear portion-   821 aperture-   824 tray-   825 divider-   827 trough-   829 trough-   838 U-shaped radius limiter-   858 hinge-   876 S-shaped pathway-   878 upper level-   880 lower level-   884 portion of S-shaped pathway-   890 top surface of element-   892 bottom surface of element-   894 right side of element-   896 left side of element-   897 opening-   900 mounting system-   901 first locking feature-   902 stud-   903 second locking feature-   904 slot-   905 third locking feature-   906 slide lock-   908 stem portion-   910 flange portion-   912 receiver portion-   914 retention portion-   916 end surface-   918 cantilever arm-   920 stop surface-   922 flex surface-   924 lower front edge-   956 frame member-   957 opening-   960 middle portion-   962 opening-   964 side portion-   970 radius limiter-   1056 frame member-   1156 frame member-   1160 middle portion-   1256 frame member-   1260 center portion-   1261 front portion-   1263 splice region-   1265 cover-   1356 frame member-   1357 flip-tray-   1359 radius limiter-   1361 right side-   1363 left side-   1387 splitter-   1456 frame member-   1457 flip-tray-   1458 splice region-   1459 radius limiter-   1460 center portion-   1556 base portion-   1560 middle portion-   1562 opening-   1564 side portion-   1569 modular element-   1570 radius limiter-   1590 hook-   1591 first side-   1592 first edge-   1593 catch-   1594 second side-   1595 second edge-   1656 frame member-   1669 modular element-   1671 splice region-   1756 frame member-   1810 element-   1811 opening-   1812 side wall-   1814 front face-   1824 tray-   1838 U-shaped radius limiter-   1839 entrance of U-shaped radius limiter-   1862 locking feature-   1864 slide lock-   1866 cover-   1867 receiving portion-   1868 dovetail receiver-   1869 retention portion-   1899 cable fixation device/clamp/mount-   1900 fiber optic splitter-   1901 base portion-   1903 fiber routing portion-   1905 cantilever finger-   1907 tab-   1909 slot-   1911 cantilever arm-   1913 ramped tab-   1915 catch-   1917 opening-   1919 fastener mount-   1920 jacket channel-   1921 pocket-   1924 strength member pocket-   1927 spool-   1929 flange-   1931 upper transverse wall-   1933 lower transverse wall-   1935 divider wall-   1936 strength member clamp-   1937 opening-   1938 clamping surface-   1940 fixation plate-   1941 fastener mount-   1942 fastener-   1943 opening-   1945 clamping surface-   1959 fiber channel-   1963 throughhole-   1968 latch-   1970 spring-loaded ball-   1971 notch/hole-   1987 ramp-   1997 wall-   1999 cable fixation device/clamp/mount-   2000 cable mount-   2002 body-   2003 cable wrap-   2004 entrance trough-   2006 exit trough-   2008 fastener-   2010 fastener mount-   2012 tab-   2013 fiber routing portion-   2020 latch-   2022 rib-   2024 handle-   2026 opening-   2028 opening-   2100 cable manager-   2102 spool portion-   2104 flange portion-   2200 Connection system-   2202 Hinge structure-   2203 Hinge pin-   2204 Hinge pin receiver-   2205 Pin half-   2205 a Right/first pin half-   2205 b Left/second pin half-   2206 Notch-   2207 Rib-   2208 Rear abutting surface-   2209 Front abutting surface-   2210 Optical fiber distribution element-   2211 Finger-   2212 Divider-   2213 Slot-   2214 Angled receiving surface-   2215 Pin pocket-   2216 First stop surface-   2217 Second stop surface-   2218 Retention element-   2219 Cantilever arm-   2220 Wall structure-   2221 Tab-   2222 Upward, rearward extending ramp-   2223 Upward, forward extending ramp-   2224 Tray-   2225 Inner surface of wall-   2226 Outer surface of wall-   2256 Frame member-   2256 a Top/upper frame member-   2256 b Bottom/lower frame member-   2310 Element-   2311 First pivotable snap-fit cover-   2313 Second pivotable snap-fit cover-   2315 Rear portion of S-shaped pathway-   2320 Chassis-   2324 Tray-   2330 Slide mechanism-   2338 U-shaped radius limiter-   2360 Mechanism-   2362 Tab-   2364 Cantilever arm-   2366 Latch finger-   2368 Notch-   2376 S-shaped pathway

What is claimed is:
 1. An optical fiber distribution element comprising:a chassis defining an interior; a movable tray portion slidably movablefrom within the chassis to a position at least partially outside thechassis; a slide mechanism which connects the movable tray portion tothe chassis, the slide mechanism including a radius limiter portionwhich moves with synchronized movement relative to the chassis and thetray portion during slidable movement of the tray portion, wherein acable entering and/or exiting the movable tray portion follows anS-shaped pathway; a pivotable snap-fit cover provided on the trayportion, the cover movable between an open position and a closedposition for closing at least a portion of the S-shaped pathway toretain the cable therein; and a mechanism for preventing slidableclosure of the tray portion with respect to the chassis when thepivotable snap-fit cover is in the open position, wherein the mechanismis configured to allow slidable closure of the tray portion with respectto the chassis via abutment of the cover with the radius limiter portionto disengage the radius limiter portion from the tray portion to allowmovement of the tray portion with respect to the chassis.
 2. An opticalfiber distribution element according to claim 1, wherein the trayportion includes at least one hingedly mounted frame member which hingesabout an axis perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movabletray portion that defines fiber optic connection locations.
 3. Anoptical fiber distribution element according to claim 2, wherein thefiber optic connection locations are defined by fiber optic adapters. 4.An optical fiber distribution element according to claim 1, wherein themechanism for preventing slidable closure of the tray portion withrespect to the chassis when the pivotable snap-fit cover is in the openposition is defined at least partially by a latch finger positioned on aflexible cantilever arm of the radius limiter portion that abuts thetray portion of the element when the tray portion is in a fully openposition.
 5. An optical fiber distribution element according to claim 4,wherein the pivotable snap-fit cover defines a tab that is configured toabut the latch finger and disengage the latch finger from the trayportion of the element when the cover is pivoted to the closed positionto allow movement of the tray portion with respect to the chassis.
 6. Anoptical fiber distribution element according to claim 1, wherein theslide mechanism is configured such that the tray portion moves at twicethe speed of the radius limiter portion.